3种量表应用于老年患者跌倒风险评估的区分效度及相关性研究

目的 探讨3种量表应用于老年患者跌倒风险评估的区分效度及量表间的相关性.方法 2名经过培训的测试者使用计时起立-步行测验表(TUGT)、Morse跌倒评估量表(MFS)、Berg 平衡量表(BBS)同时对广州市3所三级甲等医院161例住院老年患者进行跌倒风险评估.根据近一年来有无跌倒史将患者分为跌倒组46例和无跌倒组115例,用独立样本t检验分析TUGT、MFS、BBS的区分效度,使用Spearman等级相关系数分析它们的相关程度.结果跌倒组及未跌倒组3种量表的得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).3种量表之间的相关系数为0.680～0.888.结论 TUGT、MFS、BBS评估患者的跌倒风险具有较高的敏感度,区分效度较好,且3种量表具有高度相关性,但每个量表评估的侧重点不同,临床护士应结合老年患者的自身特点及需要选择使用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the discriminant validity and relativity of three scales applied in fall risk estimation for senile patients.Methods The timed up and go test (TUGT),the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used by two trained testers to evaluate the fall risk of 161 senile in-patients.The patients were divided into a falling group and a no-fall group based on their history of falling in the previous one year.Student's t-test was applied to compare the discriminant validity of the TUGT,MFS and BBS.Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the correlation among the three scales.Results The scores of patients in the falling group on the three scales were significantly different from those of the no-falls group.The correlation coefficients among the three scales were in the range 0.680-0.888.Conclusion The TUGT,MFS and BBS all showed high sensitivity and good discrimination in fall risks estimation for senile patients.The results with the three scales were highly correlated.Because the emphasis of these three scales is different,a suitable scale should be selected in clinical practice according to the characteristics of the senile patient.

Fall risk estimation for senile patients