青海省吸毒成瘾者美沙酮维持治疗保持情况分析

目的了解青海省美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）病人参加治疗的保持情况。方法采用前瞻性研究方法对2006-2009年接受MMT的吸毒成瘾者开展为期至少3年的随访，调查其社会人口学、吸毒行为和治疗情况，采用乘积极限法计算不同随访时间的治疗保持率，并比较其保持率情况。结果共对727名符合治疗标准的病人开展为期至少3年的随访，平均年龄为36.7岁，治疗保持中位数为26.2个月，1年、2年和3年累计治疗保持率分别为59.42％，47.32％，37.00％，吸毒年限、治疗期间尿检阳性率、平均治疗剂量与治疗保持率差异有统计意义（P〈0.05）。结论MMT门诊在日常治疗工作中应针对性开展重点干预，要特别注意吸毒年限较短、注射吸毒和抽检中发现尿检阳性的病人，为提高病人的保持时间，应提高逐渐治疗剂量，减少脱失的风险。

Analysis of the retention on methadone maintenance treatment on drug addict patients in Qinghai province

Objective To identify the retention rate among pauents WhO received methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） Methods A prospective observational study was taken to follow drug addicts who received MMT from 2006 to 2009 at least 3 years, whose demographics, drug use behaviors and treatment situation were investigated, Kaplan -Meier models was used to calculate the retention rate, and evaluate the factors as- sociated with retention. Results A total of 727 patients were followed at least 3 years, the average age was 36.7 years old, the median length of MMT was 26.2 months, the retention rates for 1 year, 2 years and 3 years were 59.42%, 47.32% and 37.0% respectively, there is significant statistically difference on drug use years, urine test positive rate during treatment, average treatment dose and the treatment retention rate （P 〈 0.05） . Conclusions MMT clinics should establish target focus intervention during daily treatment, focus on the patients who have injected drugs , patients with shorter drug abuse history and patients who found urine test positive when conduct sampling inspections , for the purpose of increase the retention time of patients, should improve the dosage gradually, to reduce the risks of attrition.