2001-2011年新疆巴州地区外环境霍乱弧菌监测结果分析

目的了解新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州（简称巴州）外环境霍乱弧菌循环和分布状况，为今后预防和控制霍乱疫情提供科学依据。方法按照GB15984-1995《霍乱诊断标准及处理原则》和《霍乱防治手册》（原卫生部，第五版）规范进行监测。结果2001-2011年间检测外环境水体、食品、混合便和苍蝇标本共2279份，检出霍乱弧菌阳性156份，总阳性率6.85％；其中水体阳性率21.40％，水产品阳性率0.71％，混和便阳性率0.30％。霍乱弧菌阳性菌株鉴定分型：小川型占87.82％，稻叶型占10.26％，O139型占1.92％；流行株占2.56％（均为稻叶型），非流行株占97.44％。结论巴州地区外环境尤其是水体霍乱弧菌污染较严重。加强外环境的霍乱弧菌监测、科学地预测预报、有针对性地采取预防控制措施能有效降低和控制霍乱疫情的发生。

Vibrio cholerae monitoring results analysis in external environment of Xinjiang Bazhou area during 2001 to 2011

Objective To understand the circulation and distribution status of vibrio choterae in external environment of Xinjiang Bayingolin Mongol autonomous prefecture （Bazhou in short） , and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of cholera epidemic in future. Methods Monitoring is done according to GB 15984 - 1995, Diagnostic criteria and principles of management of cholera and Manuals of cholera prevention and control （the original health department, the fifth edition）. Results 2279 samples of water body, food, mixed feces and fly specimen in external environment were tested during 2001 to 2011, 156 samples were tested for vibrio cholerae positive, total positive rate was 6.85% ; Among them, the positive rate of water was 21.40% , aquatic products were 0.71%, the positive rate for mixed shit was 0.30%. Vibrio cholerae positive for strain identification： Ogawa samples account for 87.82%, inaba samples account for 10.26%, O139 samples account for 1.92% , epidemic strain account for 2.56% （ all for inaba type ） , non - epidemic strain account for 97.44%. Conclusions Bazhou area external environment vibrio cholerae especially water body is severe polluted. Strengthening the monitoring of vibrio cholerae in external environment, scientific prediction and forecas- ting, adopting target prevention and control measures, all those can reduce and control the occurrence of cholera epidemic effectively.