胎儿前臂和小腿畸形的产前和体外超声对比诊断

目的研究胎儿肢体前臂和小腿畸形的超声学特征和检查方法,探讨超声的诊断价值.方法应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对胎儿全身进行系统的检查,遵循连续、顺序、追踪超声法(systematic continuous sequence approach,SCSA),对胎儿肢体尤其是前臂和小腿的形态、结构、运动等进行重点观察,并将引产后的胎儿标本行模拟宫内超声检查.结果产前超声共检出胎儿前臂和小腿畸形30例,累及肢体共48条,漏诊3例,6条肢体畸形,符合率为90.9%与88.9%.结论胎儿前臂与小腿畸形的产前超声诊断与体外超声的检出有较高的符合率,掌握一定的检查顺序与方法,是产前超声显示和诊断胎儿前臂和小腿畸形的关键.

Comparative diagnosis of malformations of forearm and crus by prenatal and fetus in vitro ultrasonography

Objective To assess the value of prenatal ultrasonography on fetal forearm and crus malformations by studying the ultrasonographic characteristic in relation to methods of examination. Methods All fetus were evaluated by using a systematic continuous sequence approach (SCSA) with ultrasonography. A close attention was paid on shapes, structures and movement of fetal forearm and crus, and fetus specimens after induced labor were rescanned by ultrasonography under the condition of mimic intra-uterus. Results Thirty of 33 cases (90.9%) with fetal forearm and crus malformations (totally 48 of 54 limb anormalies, 88.9%) were correctly diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography. Six limb malformations of 3 cases were missed. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the malformations of forearm and crus detected with prenatal ultrasonography are highly accordant with the malformations revealed in fetus in vitro. It is important to abide by the SCSA in ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal forearm and crus malformation.