重症新生儿监护病房医院感染特点及防控措施

目的了解重症新生儿监护病房医院感染特点,研究其预防控制措施。方法应用回顾性调查与医生报告相结合的方法,对本医院2003~2007年重症新生儿监护病房出院患者医院感染情况进行调查分析。结果在此期间共出院3038例新生儿患者,发生医院感染71例,医院感染率为2.34%;2003年感染率为3.31%,2007年感染率为0.99%。感染部位居前三位的是呼吸道感染、口腔感染和胃肠道感染,依次分别为50.70%、25.35%和15.49%。感染致病菌以肺炎克雷伯菌为主,占39.02%。结论该医院重症新生儿监护病房医院感染率呈下降趋势,规范的护理操作是控制医院感染的重要手段,合理使用抗生素是控制医院感染的根本保证。

FEATURES OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN NICU AND MEASURES OF PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Objective To find out the features of nosocomial infection in newborn ICU(NICU) and study the measures of prevention and control.Methods The method combining retrospective investigation and reports from doctors was used to investigate and analyze nosocomial infection in the cases discharged from NICU from 2003 to 2007.Results 3038 cases were discharged in this period.Of them,71 had nosocomial infections.The nosocomial infection rate was 2.34%.The infection rate in 2003 was 3.31% and the rate in 2007 was 0.99%.The three most frequently infected locations were respiratory tract,oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract and the infection rates were 50.7%,25.35% and 15.49% respectively.The main pathogenic bacterium was Klebsiella pneumoniae,accounting for 39.02%.Conclusion The nosocomial infection rate in NICU of this hospital is reducing.Normative nursing operation is important means for controlling nosocomial infection and reasonable use of antibacterials is the prime guarantee.