有机磷农药在体内和体外微核试验中的诱变性

作者用小鼠骨髓细胞和体外培养CHL细胞微核试验,测试了22种有机磷化合物的诱变性,并分析了有机磷化学结构与诱变性的关系。结果表明:在体内微核试验中呈阳性的主要为乙基有机磷;在体外试验中乙基、甲基和其它结构类型有机磷亦可出现阳性。体内和体外微核试验中有机磷的诱变性差异可能与其经受的分解代谢速率不同有关。

Induction of Micronucleus by Organophosphorus Pesticides Both in Vivo and in Vitro

A total of 22 organophospho-rus pesticides (OPPs), including 8 ethyl-,9 methyl-, and 5 other OPPs, were testedfor mutagenicity in micronucleus assaysystem both in 615 mouse marrow cells invivo with multi-intraperitoneal admini-strations and in cultured Chinese hamsterlung (CHL) cells in vitro; and structure-mutagenicity relationship of OPPs wasanalyzed. Among the OPPs tested in vivo, 5ethyl-(diazinon, chlorpyrifos, disulfoton,ethion, and parathion), and only 1 me-thyl- (dimethoate) were found mutagenic,while the other OPPs were negative. Sixethyl- (azinphos ethyl, chlorpyrifos,ethion, parathion, phosaione, and quina-phos), 8 methyl- (azinophos methyl,chlorpyrifos methyl, dichlorvos, dime-thoate, fenitrothion, malathion, parathionmethyl, and trimethyl phosphate), and 2other OPPs (EII and MIA), however, in-duced micronucleus in CHL cells in vitro.The results indicated that most of theethyl-OPPs tested showed the ability toinduce micronucleus both in vivo and invitro, and that most of the methyl-OPPswere positive only in vitro. The mechanismfor the adversity of mutagenic activityin micronucleus assay in vivo and in vitroproduced by different kinds of OPPs wasalso discussed.