血液透析患者生活质量的影响因素分析

目的 探索血液透析患者生活质量的影响因素.方法 采取横断面调查,使用SF-36量表、社会支持评定量表、SCL-90症状自评量表和自编的生理、社会心理一般影响因素调查表对5所医院的212例血液透析患者进行测试.结果 (1)血液透析患者的生活质量显著低于健康常模,并随年龄增加而生活质量下降;(2)在血液透析患者生活质量的影响因素路径中,心理健康对血透患者生活质量的标准化回归系数为0.601,而生理健康对生活质量的标准化回归系数为0.466.心理健康、透析时间和年龄对生理健康有直接效应.生理健康、抑郁、血红蛋白和透析时间对心理健康有直接效应.抑郁的直接效应因素为SCL-90总分、躯体化和强迫.结论 可以通过改善血液透析患者的抑郁症状,提高患者的心理健康,促进患者的生活质量.

An analysis of influencing factors on quality of life in 212 patients with hemodialysis

Objective To explore the influencing factors of quality of life(QOL) in the patients with hemodialysis(HD).Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out with the MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36),Social Support Scale(SSS),Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and common data forms in 212 patients of 5 hospitals.Results This study generated the following finding:(1) The QOL of HD patients were significantly lower than common people's,and became worse in elders.(2) MCS,age and dialysis term had direct functions on Physical Component Summary(PCS);PCS,depression,hemoglobin and dialysis term had direct functions on development of Mental Component Summary(MCS).The total score of SCL-90,somatization and obsessive-compulsive had direct functions on depression.Conclusion The levels of QOL in the HD patients can be increased through improving their depression symptoms and then enhancing their mental health.