上海市闸北区吸毒人群的艾滋病知识、态度与行为调查分析

目的 了解吸毒人群的艾滋病相关知识知晓程度和艾滋病危险行为特征,为制定吸毒人群的艾滋病预防控制策略提供科学依据.方法 采用同一问卷对戒毒所345名吸毒者进行调查.结果 共获得有效问卷345份,吸毒人群对艾滋病的传播途径和其他相关知识有一定程度的了解,艾滋病知识的总知晓率为72.2%,但是对HIV感染者的歧视与恐惧心理普遍存在.此外,共用注射器和不安全性行为也较普遍,19.1%(66/345)与他人共用过注射器,8.3%(27/345)曾有过商业性行为,且在性行为时安全套的使用率较低,40.2%(121/301)报告从未使用过安全套.曾做过HIV抗体检测的人群比例较低,仅有7.8%,但是,愿意接受免费HIV抗体检测的人群比例较高,有62.3%.结论 应进一步加强吸毒人群中性病/艾滋病知识的健康教育和行为干预,预防性病/艾滋病在吸毒人群中的传播和流行.

Survey of drug users'AIDS-related knowledge,attitude and behavior in Zhabei district of Shanghai

Objective The study was conducted to investigate drug users' awareness of AIDS-related knowledge and risk behaviors in order to facilitate the development of AIDS prevention and control strategies. Methods Uniformly designed questionnaires were delivered to 345 drug addicts in the drug rehabilitation center. Results A total of 345 valid questionnaires were received. It was revealed that the drug addicts were informed of certain routes of transmission of AIDS and related knowledge, the overall AIDS-awareness rate of being 72.2%. However, discrimination against and fear of the HIV infected was prevalent. In addition, the sharing of syringes and unsafe sex was also common, given that 19.1% (66/345) shared a syringe with others, 8.3% (27/345) had commercial sex in the circumstances that condoms were rarely used, and 40.2%(121/301) reported that they had never used condoms. The proportion of people who had HIV antibody tests was low, being only 7.8%. Nonetheless, the proportion of those who were willing to receive free HIV antibody tests was relatively high up to 62.3%. Conclusion It is necessary to further strengthen the health education on STD/AIDS related knowledge and behavioral intervention among drug users for preventing the transmission or prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV infections.