献血人群输血传染疾病标志物检测结果分析

目的分析石家庄市近5年献血人群输血传染疾病标志物检测结果,为制定预防输血传播疾病、减少血液浪费策略提供科学依据。方法对2008²012年石家庄市无偿献血者的血液检测项目丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体、梅毒螺旋体(TP)抗体进行统计分析。结果 20082012年石家庄市无偿献血者的血液检测项目丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体、梅毒螺旋体(TP)抗体进行统计分析。结果 2008²012年共检测无偿献血者血液标本300 114份,不合格3901份,总不合格率为1.30%。各项目不合格率分别为ALT 0.35%、TP抗体0.30%、HBsAg 0.27%、HCV抗体0.25%和HIV抗体0.09%,其中ALT、HBsAg、TP抗体等指标阳性率逐年上升,HCV抗体阳性率逐年下降,而HIV抗体阳性率则在一定范围内波动,呈稳定态势。ALT、TP抗体和HBsAg不合格是血液报废的主要原因。结论加强无偿献血知识宣传、严格按照输血操作规程体检和检验以及引进先进的检测方法和试剂是保证输血安全、减少血液浪费的有效措施。

Analysis of Detection Results of Blood Transfusion Infection Markers of Blood Donation Population

Objective To analyze the detection results of blood transfusion infection markers of blood donation population from Shijiazhuang in recent five years, and to provide the scientific basis for preventing infectious diseases from using blood and reducing the waste of blood resource. Methods The indicators of ALT,HBsAg,HCV antibody,HIV antibody, TP antibody of blood donation population from Shijiazhuang in 2008-2012 were statistically analyzed. Results Altogether 300 114 blood samples from blood donors were detected during 2008-2012,3901 cases were found ineligible, which made a rate of 1.30%. The ineligible rate of ALT, TP, HBsAg, HCV and HIV was 0.35 % ,0.30% ,0.27 % ,0.25 % and O. 09% , respectively. The positive rates including ALT, HBsAg and anti-TP have shown a year-on-year rising trend, and HCV saw a decline year by year, while HIV positive rate fluctuated within a certain scope, steadily. ALT, TP and HBsAg are the main reasons for the blood rejection. Conclusion It would be effective to ensure transfusion safety and reduce the blood waste through strengthening blood donation knowledge popularization, strict physical examination and inspection accordance to the operation procedures of blood transfusion as well as the intro- duction of advanced detection methods and reagents.