兔胫骨骨折模型的不同固定方法*★

背景：利用一种有效的固定方法维持骨折的稳定性是胫骨骨折动物模型成功制备的基础。 目的：观察4种不同的固定方法对兔胫骨骨折模型的固定效果。 方法：将日本大耳白兔截断胫骨骨干后随机分为4组，以4种方法分别固定：①直腿双托组：直腿双托石膏外固定。②塑形双托组：屈膝屈踝双托石膏外固定。③塑形管型组：屈膝屈踝管型石膏外固定。④内外固定组：克氏针内固定+屈膝屈踝双托石膏外固定。 结果与结论：相比其他3组，直腿双托组的外固定石膏脱落时间更早，损伤肢感染率更高(P < 0.05)。在骨折后第4周，内外固定组发生骨折断端移位的实验兔数量最少(P < 0.05)。证实只采用内固定+屈膝屈踝双托石膏外固定才能维持实验兔胫骨骨折的稳定性。

Fixation methods of tibial fracture model in rabbits

BACKGROUND: An effective fixation method is the basis to maintain the stability of the fracture in titial fracture models in animals. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of four different fixation methods of tibial fracture model in rabbits. METHODS: Forty rabbits were randomly divided to four groups (n = 10). Straight legs and double plaster splints group: external fixation of straight legs using double plaster splints; shaping and double plaster splints group: external fixation of flexing knee and ankle using double plaster splints; shaping and plaster cast group: external fixation of flexing knee and ankle using plaster cast fixation method; both internal and external fixation group: internal fixation using kirschner wire and external fixation using double plaster splints on flexing knee and ankle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The time that plasters fell was earlier and the infection rate of injured limb was higher in the straight legs and double plaster splints group and than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). At the 4th week after fracture, the number of rabbits showing displacement of fracture ends was smallest in both internal and external fixation group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that only the method that internal fixation using kirschner wire and external fixation using double plaster splints on flexing knee and ankle can maintain the stability of experimental rabbit tibial fracture.