血液相容性抗凝血生物医用高分子材料的制备及其机制

背景: 由于生物医用材料要接触人体内环境，甚至必须植入生物体内，因此要求具有无毒性、优良的生物相容性、高化学稳定性、合适的物理机械性能以及易加工成型性。 目的：从生物惰性材料、生物活性表面和白蛋白的结构及其在抗凝血上的应用几个方面分析血液相容性抗凝血生物医用高分子材料的制备及其机制。 方法：由第一作者检索1969/2010 PubMed数据及万方数据库有关血液相容性抗凝血生物医用高分子材料的制备及其机制等方面的文献。 结果与结论：目前抗凝血材料的制备基本上只是采用单独的生物惰性表面或生物活性表面，虽然都获得了较好效果，但不能长期保持其生物相容性尤其是血液相容性，如果能将惰性表面与活性表面结合起来，使材料同时具备两者的长处，并能充分利用人体血液中的天然组分白蛋白或许会是抗凝血材料的一个发展趋势。今后希望通过采用高生物惰性的PEU和具有生物活性的白蛋白识别因子cibacron blue复合，合成具有优良性质的活性改性物，并以此对聚氨酯进行改性。

Preparation and mechanism of anticoagulatent biomedical polymer materials with blood compatibility

BACKGROUND: Biomedical materials contact internal environment of human body, and sometimes are implanted into organism. Therefore, they should have biocompatibility, chemical stability, suitable physical mechanical function and simple processing and molding, but no toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preparation of biomedical polymer anticoagulant materials in the aspects of bioinert material, biological active surface, albumin structure and application in anticoagulation. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed and Wanfang database was performed for articles related to preparation of biomedical polymer anticoagulant materials published between 1969 and 2010. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Currently preparation of anticoagulant materials commonly utilizes bioinert surface or bioactive surface alone, which has obtained good effects, but the biocompatibility, such as blood compatibility, cannot be retained for a long period of time. The combination of bioinert surface and bioactive surface plus albumin, natural constitutions in human blood may be the trend of anticoagulant materials development. Polyethylene glycol with high bioinert property in combination with albumin recognition factor cibacron blue with high bioactivity can be used to prepare active modifier, which is used to modify polyurethane.