三水区前列腺增生患者的发病现状调查及健康教育策略探讨

目的 了解三水区良性前列腺增生（BPH）的发病现状,患者对BPH健康知识的认知率及需求状况,探讨健康教育的策略模式.方法 2011年6月～ 2012年10月期间随机整群抽样方法在三水区人群中抽取≥50岁男性居民1672例作为调查对象,进行国际前列腺症状（IPSS）评分、腹部B超测量前列腺体积、膀胱残余尿量测定、直肠指检（DRE）、最大尿流率（Qmax）测定、前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）测定;同时对调查人群进行问卷调查,了解患者对BPH健康教育知识及获取途径需求状况.结果 1672例被调查人群中,总患病率为（501/1672） 30.0％,患病年龄50 ～ 102岁,平均患病年龄（66.23 ±8.35）岁.50～ 59岁、60～69岁、70 ～ 79岁、80 ～ 89岁、≥90岁年龄组的患病率分别为10.9％、30.2％、53.2％、60.8％、76.2％.IP-SS（11.2±6.4）分,前列腺体积（30.6±17.8） mL,Qmax（14.2±7.4）mL/s,PSA（3.92±3.82） ng/mL.下尿路症状、前列腺体积与年龄呈正相关,Qmax与年龄呈负相关.以IPSS＞7分、前列腺体积＞20g、Qmax＜ 15 mL/s为标准,三水区前列腺增生患病率为26.8％.BPH患者健康教育知识了解途径依次为：电视栏目和电台广播53.0％,报刊和杂志51.4％,病友交流18.6％,医生指导为15.3％,社区健康教育为8.1％,网络信息为5.2％;健康教育需求内容依次为：饮食指导91.5％,生活保健90.5％,疾病预防49.9％,用药知识17.9％,诊疗费用15.6％.结论 三水区≥50岁男性下尿路症状、前列腺体积与年龄呈正相关,Qmax与年龄呈负相关,三水区前列腺增生患病率为52.1％.三水区BPH患者对BPH认识不足,BPH健康教育普及途径仍有较大完善的空间,需充分运用媒体的正确引导,医院的专业指导、社区积极普及等多层次、多渠道合理教育,对促进三水区老年人对BPH的认识,提高BPH的规范化诊治有重要意义.

Prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients in Sanshui District : Investigation and strategies of health education

Objectives To investigate the prevalence,the awareness rate of health knowledge and the demand of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） in Sanshui District to explore strategies of health education model.Methods We performed a cross-sectional randomized study of 1672 men aged ≥50 years from Sanshui District,obtained their IPSS,measured the prostate volume by transabdominal ultrasonography,measured residual urine volume,checked the digital rectal examination （DRE）,recorded the maximum flow （Qmax） by uroflowmetry,Measured prostate specific antigen （PSA）,meanwhile conducted a questionnaire in survey population to understand the BPH health education demand and the access ways of BPH patients.Results The total prevalence rate was 30.0％ （501/1672）,the prevalence age was from 50 to 102 years old,the suffering average age was（66.23 ±8.35） years old.The prevalence rate was 10.9％,30.2％,53.2％,60.8％,76.2％ in 50-,60-,70-,80-,≥ 90 years group.The IPSS points was （11.2 ± 6.4）,the prostate volume was （30.6 ± 17.8） ml,the Qmax was （14.2 ± 7.4） ml / s,the PSA was（3.92 ± 3.82） ng/ ml in the surveyed crowd.Lower urinary tract symptoms,prostate volume were positively correlated with age,while Qmax was negatively correlated with age.With IPSS ＞ 7 points,prostate volume ＞ 20 g,Qmax ＜ 15 ml / s as standard,the prostatic hyperplasia prevalence was26.8％ in Sanshui District.BPH patients understand the way health education was 53.0％,51.4％,18.6％,15.3％,8.1％,5.2％ by TV programs and radio broadcasts,newspapers and magazines,patient communication,guidance of a doctor,community health education.The demand for health education contents were as follows：dietary guidance 91.5％,life care 90.5％,disease prevention 49.9％,knowledge of drug 17.9％,medical expenses 15.6％.Conclusions Lower urinary tract symptoms and prostate volume was positively correlated with age,while Qmax was negatively in ≥ 50 year old man,in Sanshui District.The prevalence of benign prostatic hy