儿童全血锌铁钙铅检测结果及相关因素分析

目的了解平顶山市儿童锌、铁、钙、铅体内含量现状,指导临床合理使用营养补剂和排铅品。方法对幼儿园与学校健康体检的238名儿童进行血锌、铁、钙、铅4种元素检测并统计分析。结果238名儿童中锌、铁、钙均有不同程度的低标人群,其中锌低标人群比例最高,占73.1%（P〈0.05）,铁和钙低标儿童仅有16.0%和22.7%。锌和铁的低标人群均以7岁以下年龄组较高（P〈0.05）,钙低标人群以0-3岁组比例较高（P〈0.05）;铅中毒儿童占46.2%;铅中毒与锌缺乏率有明显相关性,与铁和钙缺乏率无明显相关性。结论平顶山市儿童锌、铁、钙均有不同程度低标人群,锌缺乏和铅中毒的流行率较高,服用锌、铁、钙补充品应参照膳食结构和体内元素含量,不可盲目补充,同时应防治铅中毒。

Analysis on Blond Zinc, Iron, Calcium and Lead in Children and Its Related Factors

Objective To explore the concentrations of zinc （Zn）, iron （Fe）, calcium （Ca）, and lead （Pb） among children in Pingdingshan City. Methods A total of 238 healthy children were selected in kindergartens and schools to detect the concentrations of whole blood Zn, Fe, Ca, and Pb; and the testing results were statistically analyzed. Results Some of the children had deficiency in Zn, Fe and Ca, the deficiency rate of Zn was the highest which accounted for 73. 1 % （P〈 0.05）, but the deficiency rates of Fe and Ca were only 16.0 % and 22.7 %. Most of the Zn and Ca deficiency children were in the age group of under 7 years （P〈0.05）. The deficiency rate of Ca in the age group of 0-3 years was high （P〈 0.05）. The rate of lead poisoning was 46.2 %. The degree of lead poisoning had significant correlation with the rate of Zn deficiency, but had no significant correlation with Fe and Ca deficiency. Conclusions Difference numbers of children have deficiency in 3 elements of Zn, Fe, and Ca. The prevalence rates of Zn deficiency and lead poisoning are high. To supplement trace elements such as Zn, Fe, and Ca should refer to the texture of food and the results of the tests, meanwhile it is necessary to prevent and treat the lead poisoning.