全胸腹腔镜联合手术治疗食管癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨全胸腹腔镜联合手术治疗食管癌的可行性、安全性及临床应用价值。 方法 回顾性分析我院胸外科2012年1月至2013年6月行全胸腹腔镜联合食管癌切除术的34例食管癌患者的临床资料，其中男33例、女1例，年龄63 （41～76）岁。 结果 1例中转开腹，围手术期1例死亡。手术时间362.1 （300～560） min，其中34例胸腔镜手术时间90.6 （60～220） min，33例腹腔镜手术时间61.1 （45～85） min。术中估计失血量平均206.5 （100～500） ml。术后平均区域淋巴结清扫数量18.0 （13～31） 枚，阳性转移率44.1% （15/34）。术后病理类型：鳞癌33例，小细胞癌1例。术后病理分期ⅠB期1例、ⅡA期1例、ⅡB期15例、ⅢA期11例、ⅢB期3例、ⅢC期3例。术后住院时间15.2 （6～35） d。术后纤维支气管镜吸痰2例。术后并发症发生率32.4% （11/34）：包括肺部感染4例（11.8%），呼吸衰竭2例（5.9%），乳糜胸1例（2.9%），颈部吻合口瘘4例（11.8%），声音嘶哑2例（5.9%）。33例随访1～16个月，2例死亡，2例失访，余29例生存。 结论 全胸腹腔镜联合手术治疗食管癌创伤小、恢复快、技术可行，手术安全合理，值得临床应用及推广。

Clinical Outcomes of Combined Complete Thoracoscopic and Laparoscopic Esophagectomy for Esophageal Carcinoma

Objective To explore the feasibility，safety and clinical applicability of combined complete thoracoscopicand laparoscopic esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Methods Clinical data of 34 patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent combined complete thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy in the Departmentof Thoracic Surgery of our hospital from January 2012 to June 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 33 males and1 female with their age of 63 （41-76） years. Results One patient received conversion to laparotomy and 1 patient diedpostoperatively. Mean operation time was 362.1 （300-560） minutes，including 90.6 （60-220） minutes for thoracoscopicprocedure in 34 patients and 61.1 （45-85） minutes for laparoscopic procedure in 33 patients. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 206.5 （100-500） ml. Average number of dissected lymph nodes was 18.0 （13-31） for each patient with positivemetastatic rate of 44.1% （15/34）. Postoperative pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in 33 patients and smallcell carcinoma in 1 patient. Postoperative pathological staging was stageⅠB in 1 patient，stageⅡA in 1 patient，stageⅡB in 15 patients，stageⅢA in 11 patients，stageⅢB in 3 patients and stageⅢC in 3 patients. Postoperative hospital stay was 15.2 （6-35） days. Two patients received bedside bronchoscopic sputum suction. Postoperative complications occurred in32.4% （11/34） of all patients，including pulmonary infection in 4 patients （11.8%），respiratory failure in 2 patients （5.9%），chylothorax in 1 patient （2.9%），cervical anastomotic leak in 4 patients （11.8%） and hoarseness in 2 patients （5.9%）. We followed up 33 patients for 1-16 months. Two died，Two were lost. The other 29 patients survived. Conclusion Combined complete thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy is a minimally invasive，feasible and safe surgical procedure for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma with quick postoperative recovery，and is worthy of furtherclinical application.