系统性护患沟通对维持性血液透析患者心理干预的效果

目的 探讨系统性护患沟通对维持性血液透析患者焦虑抑郁情绪和自我感受负担的干预效应.方法 研究对象80例,在完善常规治疗方案和护理措施的基础上实施系统性护患沟通干预,包括：交际性沟通、评估性沟通、治疗性沟通、延伸性沟通.并且在干预前采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和自我感受负担量表（SPB）对患者的心理状态进行评估.系统沟通干预后6个月,再次采用上述3种量表对干预的效果进行评价,测评数据利用SPSS 13.0软件包进行统计学处理（t检验）.结果 ①患者的焦虑抑郁情绪干预前与国内成人常模比较（t=9.374,8.910;P ＜0.001）,具有非常显著性差异,提示维持性血液透析患者存在较重的焦虑和抑郁症状；自身干预前后比较（t =6.020,7.502;P ＜0.001）,也具有非常显著性差异,提示系统沟通干预后,患者的焦虑和抑郁症状明显缓解或减轻；②系统性护患沟通干预前后患者的自我感受负担得分结果比较（t=5.047,P＜0.01）,具有非常显著性差异,提示系统性护患沟通干预后,患者的自我感受负担明显减轻.结论 对终末期肾衰竭进行维持性血液透析的患者,实施系统性护患沟通可满足患者需要,促进身心健康,提高生活质量.

Effect of Systematic Nurse-patient Communication on Anxiety,Depression Self-feeling Burden in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

Objective To explore the effect of systematic nurse-patient communication on anxiety,depression and self-feeling burden of patients with maintenance hemodialysis. Methods A total of 80 cases received systematic nurse-patient communication intervention on the basis of the conventional treatment programs and care measurement, including ： communicative communication, assessment, commu- nication, therapeutic communication, extending communication. Self-rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS ）, Self-rating Depression Scale （ SDS ~ and Self-feeling Burden Interview（SPB） were used to assess patients＇emotional state of mind before the intervention and in 6 months after the intervention. Results （~） Anxiety and depression scores of patients were significantly higher than the norm（t =9. 374,8. 910; P 〈 0. 001 ）before the intervention, which indicated that patients with maintenance hemodialysis had heavier anxiety and depression symp- toms;There were significant differences in anxiety and depression between before and after intervention （t = 6. 020,7. 502;P 〈 0. 001 ）, which showed that patients＂ anxiety and depression symptoms were significantly alleviated or mitigated after the intervention. （~） There were significant differences in self-feeling burden score（ t = 5. 047, P 〈 O. O1 ） between before and after inteawention, which showed patient s ＂self-feeling burden was significantly reduced after systematic nurse-patient communication intervention. Conclusion For maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal failure, implementation of systemic nurse-patient communication can meet patients＇needs, promote physical and mental health, and improve the quality of life.