上海市浦东新区8～12岁儿童抑郁障碍的患病率调查

目的了解上海市浦东新区8～12岁儿童抑郁障碍的患病率。方法采用先填写量表再进行访谈的二阶段调查法。运用随机整群抽样的方法,对上海市浦东新区的7所小学所有3～5年级共3685名学生进行调查,第一阶段应用儿童流调用抑郁评定量表（CES-DC）进行筛查,第二阶段对CES-DC量表总分≥20分的学生应用学龄期儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症问卷目前版（the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children present version,K-SADS）进行面谈,以美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版为金标准做出诊断,共有94.8%的学生完成K-SADS面谈。对于CES-DC〈20分的儿童抽取了1%的样本（29名）,同样使用K-SADS进行一对一的访谈,评估方法为盲法,29名儿童中未发现符合抑郁障碍者。结果抑郁障碍的患病率为1.60%[95%可信区间（95%CI）为1.19%～2.00%],男孩的患病率（2.08%,1.61%～2.54%）显著高于女孩（1.09%,0.75%～1.42%）,（χ2=5.40,P=0.020）。8~9岁、10岁、11～12岁抑郁障碍的患病率分别为1.23%、1.44%、2.19%,各年龄段患病率的差异无统计学意义（χ2=3.80,P=0.149）。结论儿童抑郁障碍的患病率不高,男孩抑郁障碍的患病率比女孩高;在8~12岁各年龄段儿童抑郁障碍的患病率无明显差异。

Prevalence of depressive disorders among school children 8-12 years of age in the Pudong District of Shanghai

Objective：Estimate the prevalence of depression in Shanghai school children. Methods： Stratified random cluster sampling identified 3 685 grade 3 to grade 5 students from 7 primary schools of the Pudong district in Shanghai.Students were screened using the self-completion Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children （CES-DC）; 94.8% of those who scored ≥20 and 1% of those who scored 20 were administered the present state version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children present version（K-SADS） by a clinician and subsequently diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. None of the 29 kids whose CES-DC scores29 was diagnosed depressive disorder. Results：The prevalence of depression was 1.60%（95%CI=1.19%-2.00%）; the prevalence in boys （2.08%, 1.61%-2.54%） was significantly higher than in girls （1.09%, 0.75%-1.42%）（χ2=5.40,P=0.020）.The prevalence of depressive disorder increased steadily by age from 1.23% in 8-9 year-olds, 1.44% in 10 year-olds, 2.19% in 11-12 year-olds but this was not a significant trend （χ2=3.80,P=0.149）. Conclusion：The prevalence of childhood depression in school children 8-12 years of age in Shanghai is low.The prevalence is significantly higher in boys than in girls and there is a non-significant increasing trend in the prevalence with age.