超声检查在肝硬化门静脉高压诊断中的临床应用

目的：探讨超声检查在肝硬化门静脉高压诊断中的临床应用效果。方法以110例确诊为肝硬化门静脉高压症的患者作为研究组，95例同期在湖南省人民医院体检中心检查的健康者作为健康对照组，以彩色多普勒超声检查其脾静脉、门静脉血管情况。结果研究组患者脾静脉内径值、门静脉内径值、门静脉血流量/脾静脉血流量值分别为（1．12±0．24）cm、（1．43±0．52）cm、（0．56±0．09），明显高于健康对照组的（0．61±0．48）cm、（0．99±0．37）cm、（0．24±0．15），差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。脾静脉内径小于1．0 cm组患者重度静脉曲张发生率为21．3％，≥1．0cm组重度静脉曲张发生率为44．4％，脾静脉内径小于1．0cm组重度静脉曲张发生率显著低于大于或等于1．0cm 组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。门静脉内径小于1．4 cm 组患者重度静脉曲张发生率为18．0％，≥1．4cm组重度静脉曲张发生率为43．3％，门静脉内径小于1．4cm组患者重度静脉曲张发生率显著低于大于或等于1．4 cm组，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论超声检查对肝硬化门静脉高压症的诊断具有良好的敏感性和特异性，值得临床进一步推广应用，同时其对食管胃底静脉曲张程度也具有一定的诊断价值。

Clinical application of ultrasound in the diagnosis of portal hypertension

Objective To study the clinical effect of ultrasound in the diagnosis of portal hypertension .Meth-ods A total of 110 cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension were enrolled as study group ,and 95 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group .Ultrasound examination was used to detect situation of splenic vein and portal vein . Results Values of inside diameter of splenic vein ,portal vein and Qsv/Qpv in study group were （1 .12 ± 0 .24）cm , （1 .43 ± 0 .52）cm ,（0 .56 ± 0 .09） ,which were receptively higher than the （0 .61 ± 0 .48）cm ,（0 .99 ± 0 .37）cm and （0 .24 ± 0 .15） of control group （P〈0 .05） .Incidence rate of severe esophageal varices was 21 .3% in patients with inside diameter of splenic vein less than 1 .0 cm ,which was lower than the 44 .4% in patients with inside diameter of splenic vein at least 1 .0 cm （P〈0 .05） .Incidence rate of severe esophageal varices was 18 .0% in patients with inside diameter of portal vein less than 1 .4 cm ,which was lower than the 43 .3% in patients with inside diameter of portal vein at least 1 .4 cm （P〈0 .05） .Conclusion Ultrasonography might be sensitive and specific in the diagnosis of cir-rhosis with portal hypertension ,which could be worth of further clinical promotion and application .While it also could be with some diagnostic value in evaluation of degree of esophageal varices .