老年Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期喉癌患者的手术治疗与喉功能重建

目的探讨老年晚期喉癌患者的手术治疗方法与喉功能重建及其疗效。方法回顾性分析87例65岁以上老年晚期喉癌患者行手术治疗的临床资料,其中声门上癌48例,声门癌35例,声门下癌4例。按2002年UICC标准,Ⅲ期患者44例,Ⅳ期43例。全部患者均无远隔转移。行喉大部分切除术36例,喉次全切除术21例,喉全切除术30例。用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率。结果全部患者3年生存率为73．2％,5年生存率为67．4％。术中无死亡。喉部分切除占全部手术患者的65．5％（57／87）。喉部分切除术拔管率80．7％。全部患者均恢复经口进食,喉部分切除患者均恢复了发音功能。结论对老年晚期喉癌患者行手术治疗是安全、有效的,老年晚期患者保留喉功能是可行的,关键是严格掌握手术适应证,提高外科手术技巧,减少术后并发症。

Surgical management and preservation of laryngeal function for senile patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma

Objective To explore the methods of surgical treatment and preservation of laryngeal function in senile patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma. Methods A retrospective data review of 87 advanced laryngeal carcinoma patients aged over 65 years was carried out. Of these 87 patients treated by different modes of surgery, 48 had supraglottic cancer, 35 glottic cancer and 4 subglottic cancer. The surgery modes consisted of major partial laryngectomy in 36 patients, subtotal partial laryngectomy with laryngoplasty in 21 and total laryngectomy in 30. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy to a dose of 50-60 Gy. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival. Results The overall 3- and J-year survival rate was 73.2% and 67.4%, respectively. The ultimate rate of larynx preservation was 65.5%. Of 57 patients with partial laryngectomy, 46 were decannulated with a decannulation rate of 80.7%. Yet, in all patients, the nasal feeding tube was removed and food intake per os was resumed. All patients who underwent partial laryngectomy regained their phonation function. Conclusion It is safe and effective to treat and preserve laryngeal function surgically in the senile patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma. The key points to achieve this are selection of proper patient, renovation of surgical procedure and improvement of surgical skill.