Criminal Justice Involvement,Behavioral Health Service Use,and Costs of Forensic Assertive Community Treatment: A Randomized Trial |
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Authors: | Karen J Cusack Joseph P Morrissey Gary S Cuddeback Annabel Prins David M Williams |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychiatry and Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;(2) Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;(3) School of Social Work and Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;(4) Prins, Williams, & Associates LLC., San Jose, CA, USA;(5) Department of Psychology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA |
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Abstract: | Jail diversion and forensic community treatment programs have proliferated over the past decade, far outpacing evidence regarding
their efficacy. The current study reports findings from a randomized clinical trial conducted in California for frequent jail
users with serious mental illness that compares a forensic assertive community treatment (FACT) intervention with treatment
as usual (TAU). Outcomes are reported at 12 and 24 months post-randomization for criminal justice outcomes, behavioral health
services and costs. At 12 months, FACT vs. TAU participants had fewer jail bookings, greater outpatient contacts, and fewer
hospital days than did TAU participants. Results of zero-inflated negative binomial regression found that FACT participants
had a higher probability of avoiding jail, although once jailed, the number of jail days did not differ between groups. Increased
outpatient costs resulting from FACT outpatient services were partially offset by decreased inpatient and jail costs. The
findings for the 24 month period followed the same pattern. These findings provide additional support for the idea that providing
appropriate behavioral health services can reduce criminal justice involvement. |
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