An update on oral drug delivery via intestinal lymphatic transport |
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| Authors: | Zichen Zhang Yi Lu Jianping Qi Wei Wu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;2. Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China |
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| Abstract: | Orally administered drug entities have to survive the harsh gastrointestinal environment, penetrate the enteric epithelia and circumvent hepatic metabolism before reaching the systemic circulation. Whereas the gastrointestinal stability can be well maintained by taking proper measures, hepatic metabolism presents as a formidable barrier to drugs suffering from first-pass metabolism. The pharmaceutical academia and industries are seeking alternative pathways for drug transport to circumvent problems associated with the portal pathway. Intestinal lymphatic transport is emerging as a promising pathway to this end. In this review, we intend to provide an updated overview on the rationale, strategies, factors and applications involved in intestinal lymphatic transport. There are mainly two pathways for peroral lymphatic transport—the chylomicron and the microfold cell pathways. The underlying mechanisms are being unraveled gradually and nowadays witness increasing research input and applications. |
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| Keywords: | Drug delivery Oral Lymphatic transport Drug absorption Chylomicron Microfold cell Drug carriers Nanoparticles ACQ" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" aggregation-caused quenching ASRT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter AUC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" area under curve BCS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" biopharmaceutics classification system CM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" chylomicron DC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" dendritic cell DDT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane DTX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" docetaxel FA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fatty acid FAE" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" follicle-associated epithelia FRET" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Föster resonance energy transfer GIT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" gastrointestinal tract HBsAg" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" hepatitis B surface antigen HIV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" human immunodeficiency virus LDL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" low-density lipoprotein LDV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0205" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Leu-Asp-Val LDVp" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0215" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" LDV peptidomimetic M cell" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0225" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" microfold cells MG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0235" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" monoglyceride MPA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0245" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mycophenolic acid MPS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0255" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" mononuclear phagocyte system OA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0265" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" oleate PCL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0275" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polycaprolactone PEG-PLA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0285" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic acid) PEI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0295" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polyethyleneimine PLGA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0305" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" poly(lactic" },{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" -co-" },{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" glycolic acid) PVA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0315" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" poly(vinyl alcohol) RGD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0325" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Arg-Gly-Asp RGDp" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0335" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" RGD peptidomimetic SNEDDS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0345" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system SEDDS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0355" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" self-emulsifying drug delivery system SLN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0365" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" solid lipid nanoparticles TEM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0375" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" transmission electron microscopy TG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0385" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" triglyceride TPGS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0395" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" D-" },{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" α" },{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" -tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate TU" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0405" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" testosterone undecanoate WGA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0415" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" wheat germ agglutinin YCW" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0425" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" yeast cell wall |
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