Magnetic systems for cancer immunotherapy |
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Authors: | Nicole B. Day William C. Wixson C. Wyatt Shields IV |
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Affiliation: | Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA |
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Abstract: | Immunotherapy is a rapidly developing area of cancer treatment due to its higher specificity and potential for greater efficacy than traditional therapies. Immune cell modulation through the administration of drugs, proteins, and cells can enhance antitumoral responses through pathways that may be otherwise inhibited in the presence of immunosuppressive tumors. Magnetic systems offer several advantages for improving the performance of immunotherapies, including increased spatiotemporal control over transport, release, and dosing of immunomodulatory drugs within the body, resulting in reduced off-target effects and improved efficacy. Compared to alternative methods for stimulating drug release such as light and pH, magnetic systems enable several distinct methods for programming immune responses. First, we discuss how magnetic hyperthermia can stimulate immune cells and trigger thermoresponsive drug release. Second, we summarize how magnetically targeted delivery of drug carriers can increase the accumulation of drugs in target sites. Third, we review how biomaterials can undergo magnetically driven structural changes to enable remote release of encapsulated drugs. Fourth, we describe the use of magnetic particles for targeted interactions with cellular receptors for promoting antitumor activity. Finally, we discuss translational considerations of these systems, such as toxicity, clinical compatibility, and future opportunities for improving cancer treatment. |
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Keywords: | Drug delivery Immunotherapy Magnetic hyperthermia Magnetic nanoparticles Microrobotics Biomaterials BW" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" body weight CpG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" cytosine-phosphate-guanine DAMP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" damage associated molecular pattern EPR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" enhanced permeability and retention FFR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" field free region HSP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" heat shock protein HS-TEX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" heat-stressed tumor cell exosomes ICD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" immunogenic cell death IVIS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" in vivo" },{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" imaging system MICA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" MHC class I-related chain A MPI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" magnetic particle imaging ODNs" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" oligodeoxynucleotides PARP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase PDMS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polydimethylsiloxane PEG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" polyethylene glycol PLGA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" poly(lactic-" },{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" co" },{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" -glycolic acid) PNIPAM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0205" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," $$" :[{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" poly(" },{" #name" :" italic" ," _" :" N" },{" #name" :" __text__" ," _" :" -isopropylacrylamide) PVA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0215" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" poly(vinyl alcohol) SDF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0225" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" stromal cell derived-factor SID" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0235" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" small implantable device SLP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0245" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" specific loss power |
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