Long term effects of cocaine on the heart assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 3T |
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| Authors: | Alicia M Maceira Carmen Ripoll Juan Cosin-Sales Bego?a Igual Mirella Gavilan Jose Salazar Vicente Belloch Dudley J Pennell |
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| Institution: | 1.Cardiac Imaging Unit, ERESA Medical Center, Valencia, RIC, Spain;2.Addictions Treatment Unit of Campanar, La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain;3.Department of Cardiology, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain;4.Department of Psychiatry, Consorcio Hospital General, Valencia, CIBERSAM, Spain;5.NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital & Imperial College, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundCocaine is an addictive, sympathomimetic drug with potentially lethal effects. The prevalence and features of cocaine cardiotoxicity are not well known. We aimed to assess these effects using a comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol in a large group of asymptomatic cocaine users.MethodsConsecutive (n = 94, 81 males, 36.6 ±7 years), non-selected, cocaine abusers were recruited and had a medical history, examination, ECG, blood test and CMR. The CMR study included measurement of left and right ventricular (LV, RV) dimensions and ejection fraction (EF), sequences for detection of myocardial oedema and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Images were compared to a cohort of healthy controls.ResultsYears of regular cocaine use were 13.9 ± 9. When compared to the age-matched healthy cohort, the cocaine abusers had increased LV end-systolic volume, LV mass index and RV end-systolic volume, with decreased LVEF and RVEF. No subject had myocardial oedema, but 30% had myocardial LGE indicating myocardial damage.ConclusionsCMR detected cardiovascular disease in 71% of this cohort of consecutive asymptomatic cocaine abusers and mean duration of abuse was related to probability of LV systolic dysfunction. |
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| Keywords: | Cocaine Magnetic resonance Heart failure |
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