骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗矽肺小鼠肺炎及肺纤维化

对矽肺的治疗现有的方法只对病毒感染和粉尘有效。间充质干细胞可以跨胚层分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞、心肌细胞、神经细胞、肝细胞，胰腺细胞、支气管上皮细胞、肺泡上皮细胞、血管内皮细胞，甚至可以重建组织结构，给矽肺的治疗带来了新的思路和希望。目前的研究显示，干细胞移植治疗矽肺在纤维化形成以后，就没有更好的效果了。所以，如何逆转肺纤维化和修复肺组织一直是研究中比较棘手的问题。

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis mice

BACKGROUND： Silicosis is a serious disease that harms human＇s health. So far, there has been no effective treatment strategy. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantationon silicosis METHODS： Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups. In the control group, mice received intrateacheal injection of physiological saline. Mice from the silicosis model group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group received intrateacheal injection of silica crystals （SiO2） to establish silicosis mouse models. In the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transfused into the tail vein at 6 hours after silicosis induction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Hydroxyproline content in lung parenchyma in the silicosis model group and bone marrow mesenchymal stern cell transplantation group were significantly higher compared to the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The hydrocyproline content in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the silicosis model group （P 〈 0.01）. The lung index in the silicosis model group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01）, but the lung index was significantly lower in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group than in the silicosis model group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Interleukin-113 expression in the lung tissue was significantly higher in the silicosis model group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）, and intefleukin-113 expression in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group was significantly lower than that in the silicosis model group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Transforming growth factor 131 expression in the lung tissue was significantly higher in the silicosis model group （P 〈 0.01 ） and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group （P 〈 0.05） than that in the control group, and transforming growth factor 131 expression was significantly lower in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation group was significantly lower than that in the silicosis model group （P 〈 0.01）. These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can alleviate pulmonary inflammatory reaction and pulmonary fibrosis.