跑节省化、最大摄氧量评价普通人有氧耐力的效果比较

背景：尽管跑节省化、最大摄氧量在评价竞技运动员耐力上的差异已有定论，但有关普通人耐力水平的评价效果至今少有研究。目的：比较跑节省化与最大摄氧量在评价普通人群有氧耐力水平的效果。方法：以63名入伍新兵为测试对象，测定其最大摄氧量、跑节省化和5km跑成绩。最大摄氧量和跑节省化的测定采用逐级递增负荷运动方式在室内跑台上进行，坡度为O。。最大摄氧量的测定由8．5km／h的速度逐渐递增，直至力竭，满足最大摄氧量判定标准为止；跑节省化的测定由8．5km／h的速度增至11．5km／h并持续稳定3min，计算最后2min摄氧量的均值作为跑节省化值。采用Pearson积差相关法分析比较5km成绩同最大摄氧量、跑节省化之间的关系。结果与结论：当跑节省化采用相对值表示时，5km成绩与跑节省化值高度正相关（r=0．797，P=O．000），而与最大摄氧量呈低度负相关（r=0．317，P=O．056）。另外，当前国民体质监测中常使用的台阶试验、室外800m／1000m跑等方法受到各种因素制约。结果证实，跑节省化在评价普通人群中表达有氧耐力上优于最大摄氧量，简单易行、可靠性高，在国民体质评价中具有明显优势。

Running economy versus maximal oxygen uptake to evaluate the endurance level of ordinary people

BACKGROUND： Although the difference between running economy and in evaluating the endurance level of competitive athletes is conclusive, little research has been done on their evaluation effect in ordinary people. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of running economy and maximal oxygen uptake in evaluating the aerobic endurance level of ordinary people. METHODS： Totally 63 recruits （strictly screened to ensure that the objects meet the level of ordinary people） were enrolled as the study objects, and 5 km performance was tested. The maximal oxygen uptake and running economy were tested on indoor treadmill in an incremental load exercise mode, with the gradient as 0. As to maximal oxygen uptake test, the speed was increased gradually from 8.5 km/h until the objects were exhausted and the maximal oxygen uptake criterion was met; as to running economy test, the speed was increased from 8.5 km/h to 11.5 km/h, then the speed of 11.5 km/h was kept for 3 minutes, and the mean value of the oxygen uptake in the last 2 minutes was calculated as the running economy value. The relationship of 5 km performance to maximal oxygen uptake and running economy was analyzed and compared by Pearson correlation during statistics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： There was a high-positive correlation between 5 km performance and the running economy relative value （r=0.797, P=0.000） and a low-negative correlation between 5 km performance and maximal oxygen uptake （r=0.317, P=0.056）. Besides, as step test and outdoor 800-meter or 1 000-meter running commonly used in national physique monitoring are restrained by various factors, undoubted, simple, reliable and practical RE provides a new way for accurate evaluation of national physique.