制备软骨组织工程支架的材料和方法

背景：软骨组织工程的研究为修复软骨缺损提供了新的思路和方法,其中如何获得理想的组织工程支架是这一研究的核心和难点。目的：回顾性分析软骨组织工程支架的材料选择和制备方法。方法：由第一作者检索2000至2012年PubMed数据库、ELSEVIER SCIENCEDIRECT、万方数据库、中国知网库有关制备软骨组织工程支架的材料选择和方法等方面的文献。结果与结论：软骨支架材料分为天然生物材料、人工合成高分子材料和复合材料。可采用相分离法、溶剂浇铸/粒子沥滤技术、气体发泡技术、快速成型技术及静电纺丝法制备支架材料。由于胶原、琼脂糖和藻酸盐等水凝胶类天然材料可提供足够的生物相容性、增殖和黏附能力及亲水性,电纺的人工合成高分子材料复合支架又可以保证支架的力学强度、塑形要求、孔隙率、可降解性等,将天然材料利用包埋技术和表面修饰技术复合于电纺的高分子复合材料支架上将更有利于支架性能的发挥。

Materials and methods for preparation of tissue-engineered cartilage scaffolds

BACKGROUND： Cartilage tissue engineering provides new ideas and approaches for repair of cartilage defects, and how to obtain the ideal scaffolds for tissue engineering is the core and difficulty.OBJECTIVE： To retrospectively analyze the material choice and preparation methods of tissue-engineered cartilage scaffolds.METHODS： The first author searched PubMed, ELSEVIER SCIENCEDIRECT, Wanfang and CNKI databases （2000/2012） to retrieve relevant articles about materials and methods to prepare tissue-engineered cartilage scaffolds.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Cartilage scaffold materials consist of natural biological material, synthetic polymer material and composite material. The following methods can be used to prepare scaffolds materials such as phase separation, solvent casting/particulate leaching, gas foaming technology, rapid prototyping technology and electrospinning. The collagen, agarose, alginate as hydrogel natural materials can provide adequate biocompatibility, proliferation, adhesion and hydrophilicity. Meanwhile, synthetic polymer composite scaffolds prepared by electrospinning can guarantee the mechanical strength, shaping requirements, porosity, and biodegradation of the scaffolds. Therefore, it will be more conducive to display the performance of the scaffolds if the natural materials are combined with synthetic polymer composite scaffolds using the embedded technology and surface modification technology.