伴抑郁症状大学生指向遗忘的特点

目的 探讨抑郁症状大学生在指向遗忘任务中对不同情绪词组的认知加工特点.方法 采用E-prime1.2软件系统编写指向遗忘试验程序,抑郁症状组和正常组各40名被试完成该试验,对2组被试的正确率和反应时进行统计分析.结果 ①2组被试在自由回忆阶段出现了明显的指向性遗忘效应,即TBF词组回忆的成绩低于TBR词组,主要表现在对正性、负性词组和总成绩的差异上(1.84±0.87) 分,(0.86±0.89)分,t =5.15,P ＜0.01;(1.14±0.71)分,(0.67±0.75)分,t =2.96, P ＜0.01].②再认阶段2组被试呈现出与指向遗忘效应相反的现象,TBF词组的再认成绩好于TBR词组,其中抑郁症状组在总体成绩上呈现出明显的相反现象(8.66±1.84)分,(9.62±1.84)分,t =2.25,P ＜0.05].但正常组对TBR正性词组的再认仍好于抑郁症状组(3.33±0.57)分,(2.81±1.02)分,t =2.91,P ＜0.05].③行为数据显示正常组对TBR和TBF正性、负性词组及总体的正确再认均好于抑郁症状组,其中对TBR正性词组的正确再认差异有显著性(84.40±0.20)%,(78.70±17.71)%,P ＜0.05].2组对不同词组的反应时差异无显著性( P ＞0.05).结论 健康个体能够有效记住正性材料和忘记负性材料,而抑郁个体表现出不能很好忘记要求忘记的负性材料和记住要求记住的正性材料.

The characteristics of directed forgetting with depressed college students

Objective To study the characteristics of directed forgetting between non-depressed subjects and depressed individuals. Methods 40 non-depressed subjects and 40 depressed individuals performed the word method of directed forgetting task, then recorded and analyzed the accuracy rate and response time. Non-depressed subjects and 40 depressed individuals performed the word method of directed forgetting task, then recorded and analyzed the accuracy rate and response time. Results ①There was obvious directed forgetting effect in free recall stage between normal and depressed subjects, difference significantly to negative, positive materials(1.84±0.87 vs 0.86±0.89,t =5.15,P ＜0.01;1.14±0.71 vs 0.67±0.75,t =2.96,P ＜0.01).②The reverse phenomenon of directed forgetting was found in recognition stage, especially in depressed subjects(8.66±1.84 vs 9.62±1.84,t =2.25,P ＜0.05). ③Behavior data showed that normal controls were better than depressed subjects(84.40±0.20,78.70±17.71,P ＜0.05),but no typically differences in reaction time( P ＞0.05).Conclusion Different information processing was present between normal and depressed subjects. Normal controls may remember positive and forget negative materials better, reverse the depressed .It is concluded that the directed forgetting task could be improved and extended to investigate cognition-emotion fields usefully.