青年高血压相关危险因素分析

目的 了解青年高血压的危险因素,为青年高血压的预防提供依据.方法 选择2009年1月至2010年12月头晕、头痛、乏力等症状初次就诊的18 ～40岁青年患者,参照2009年基层版《中国高血压防治指南》诊断为高血压并排除继发性高血压、半年内合并心脑肾疾病以及血糖控制欠佳的糖尿病病人.共入选青年高血压患者88例,其中男56例,女32例.随机选取本院同期健康查体的非高血压的18 ～ 40岁者88例,男56例,女32例.比较两组的家族史、生活方式、精神因素等.结果 高血压家族史（OR 10.47,95％ CI 4.53～24.20）、高尿酸血症（OR 8.81,95％ CI2.92 ～ 26.53）、肥胖（OR 3.80,95％ CI 1.80～8.01）、高盐饮食习惯（OR 3.76,95％ CI 1.42～9.95）、缺乏运动（OR 3.60,95％ CI 1.90 ～ 6.82）、高胆固醇血症（OR 3.21,95％ CI 1.59 ～ 6.48）、工作压力大（OR3.02,95％ CI 1.60 ～ 5.81）、吸烟（OR 2.14,95％CI 1.11～4.13）是青年高血压的危险因素（P＜0.05）.结论 青年高血压的发生与生活方式和精神因素有关,改变生活方式、缓解心理压力将有助于预防青年高血压的发生.

Analysis on related risk factors of youth hypertension

Objective To analyze the risk factors of youth hypertension and to provide evidence for prevention of youth hypertension. Methods According to Guideline for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension of China （basic version of 2009）, 88 patients were diagnosed as hypertension from those aged from 18 to 40 and having symptoms of dizzy, headache and fatigue to visit doctor for the first time from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010. They were enrolled as study group. 88 health adults who undertook medical check-up during the same time were randomly selected as control group. The family history, life style, psychology factors were compared between the two groups. Results The risk factors of youth hypertension were hypertension family history （ OR 10.47, 95%CI 4.53-24.20）, hyperuricemia （ OR 8.81, 95% CI 2.92-26.53）, obesity （OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.80-8.01）, high salt diet （OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.42-9.95）, lack of exercise （OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.90-6.82）, hypercholesteremia （OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.59-6.48）, high work pressure （OR 3.02,95% CI 1.60- 5.81）, smoking （OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.11-4.13） （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Youth hypertension was related with life style and psychology factors. Changing life style and releasing mental stress could be benefit to prevent youth hypertension.