我国政府举办公立医院的理论依据和职责研究

根据人权理论、价值观、福利经济学、人力资本、公共产品等基本理论，公平提供基本医疗卫生服务、保障人群健康是政府不可推卸的责任，而举办公立医院，是政府履行保障人群健康职责的有效途径之一。根据社会组织学、公共选择、社会主义优越性等理论，我国公立医院具有公益属性，应当承担社会功能和责任。政府为公立医院提供良好的政治、经济、政策环境，是促使公立医院体现公益性、履行社会责任的重要保证，也是政府履行职责的表现形式。然而，目前我国各级政府及其相关部门在履行举办公立医院的职责方面存在许多问题，主要有：各级政府之间的职责没有完全理清；政府相关部门没有理顺关系，存在多头管理问题；卫生、财政、人事、物价等政府主要相关部门对公立医院的监管、经费投入、编制核定、医疗服务价格制定等职责落实不到位。

Theoretical basis and governmental responsibilities for establishing public hospitals in China

From perspectives of human rights theory, value concepts theory, welfare economics, theory human capitals theory and public products theory, the government has irreplaceable responsibilities for providing essential medical services equally for the people and safeguarding their health. The government establishing public hospitals is one of the efficient pathways to fulfill such duties. According to social organization theory, public choice theory and the superiority of socialism, public hospitals have public welfare feature and should assume social functions and responsibilities. The government should afford good political, economic and policy environments for public hospitals, which are the pre-conditions for public hospitals to show public welfare feature and fulfill social duties. In addition, it is a form of the government taking on responsibilities for establishing public hospitals. However, the government at different levels and its relative sectors face many problems in terms of its fulfilling duties in holding public hospitals, specifically, the government authorities at different levels have no clear definition for their responsibilities ; muhi-sectotal management is also witnessed among different kinds of government authorities; major government authorities, such as health department, financial department, human resources department and pricing department don＇t fulfill duties respectively in monitoring and managing public hospitals, providing public funds, approving certain number of statutory health workforce and making reasonable prices for heahhcare services.