Infective endocarditis developing as uremia

A 49-year-old man presented with fever and uremic symptoms such as general malaise, leg edema and decreased urine output. He was diagnosed as having infective endocarditis (IE) accompanied by renal failure. Although he had been receiving hemodialysis for a long time, renal function dramatically improved after heart valve replacement. This case suggests that uremia can develop as an initial manifestation of IE and removal of an infected heart valve can improve renal function despite persistent renal failure. From the perspective of recovery of renal function, early surgery should be considered in patients with renal failure following IE.