Social support and depression of adults with visual impairments |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Educational and Social Policy, University of Macedonia, 156 Egnatia Street, P.O. Box 1591, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece;2. Public School, Ministry of Education, Greece;1. MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;2. Developmental Vision Clinic, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom;3. Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, United Kingdom;1. Unit of epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China;2. Longevity Research Institute of Rugao, 226500 Jiangsu, China;3. Dean’s Office, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China;1. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;2. University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California;3. Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland;4. Sociology Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan;2. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard, USA;1. New York University, Silver School of Social Work, USA;2. The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, School of Social Work, USA;1. Inserm, U1061, Montpellier F-34093, France;2. University Montpellier I, Montpellier F-34000, France;3. Inserm, ISPED, Centre Inserm U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;4. Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre Inserm U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;5. Department of Ophthalmology, Gui De Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France;6. Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, St Mary''s Hospital, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | Relatively little research exists with regard to the relationship between social support and depression among adults with visual impairments. Such a gap is noteworthy when one considers that individuals become more dependent on others as they enter middle and late adulthood. The present research will examine the association between social networks, social support and depression among adults with visual impairments. Seventy-seven adults with visual impairments participated in the study. Depression, social network and emotional/practical social support were measured with self-report measures. Additionally, the degree to which emotional/practical social support received were positive or negative and the ability of respondents to self-manage their daily living were assessed. Less than a third of respondents scored above the threshold for depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were not related to gender or vision status. Depression was correlated with age, educational level, less positive practical support, more negative practical support and more negative emotional support, with lower perceptions of self-management representing the most robust predictor of depression. Age moderated the relationship between depression and self-management, and between depression and negative emotional support. Lower perceptions of self-management and negative emotional support were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. |
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| Keywords: | Depression Visual impairment Social support |
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