Prospective memory in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Exploring effects of implementation intentions and retrospective memory load |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany;2. Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia;4. Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND) at Karolinska Institutet, Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women''s and Children''s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;5. Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm County Council, Sweden;1. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Campus Heymans, Ghent University Hospital, 2B3, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, & Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;3. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;4. Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;5. Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305, United States;2. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, United States;3. Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford CA 94305, United States;1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan;2. Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan;3. Department of Business Administration and Language Education Center, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan;4. Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;5. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;6. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;1. Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong;2. Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;1. Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;2. Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Hamadan, Iran |
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| Abstract: | This study examined, for the first time, the impact of implementation intentions on prospective memory (PM) performance in adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and further explored the role of retrospective memory for PM in ASD. PM was assessed with Virtual Week, a computerized game simulating upcoming everyday-life tasks. Twenty-seven adults with ASD and 27 age- and ability-matched controls were included. Half of the participants were instructed to form implementation intentions (i.e., encoding PM tasks in form of if-then statements), while the rest received simple PM instructions. Results provide first tentative evidence for beneficial effects of implementation intentions and PM tasks with low demands on retrospective memory for adults with ASD's PM. Overall, results point to the importance of planning and retrospective memory for successful prospective remembering in ASD. |
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| Keywords: | Asperger syndrome Executive function Memory for intentions Implementation intentions Cognition Planning abilities Retrospective memory load |
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