The phenomenology of the first panic attack in clinical and community-based samples |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;2. Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany;3. Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;4. Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;5. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany;6. Christoph-Dornier-Stiftung for Clinical Psychology, Institute Bremen, Bremen, Germany;7. Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, School of Social Sciences and Otto-Selz-Institute, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany;8. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany;9. Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;10. HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany;1. Veterans Affairs Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center (SMITREC), Ann Arbor, MI, United States;2. Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health Care System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;3. University of Michigan Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;1. Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany;2. Behavioral Epidemiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany;3. Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany;4. Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Switzerland;1. Department of Psychiatry, King George''s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P., India |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of the study was to contrast first panic attacks (PAs) of patients with panic disorder (PD) with vs. without agoraphobia and to explore differences between first PAs leading to the development of PD and those that remain isolated. Data were drawn from a community survey (N = 2259 including 88 isolated PAs and 75 PD cases). An additional sample of 234 PD patients was recruited in a clinical setting. A standardized interview assessed the symptoms of the first PA, context of its occurrence and subsequent coping attempts. Persons who developed PD reported more severe first PAs, more medical service utilization and exposure-limiting coping attempts than those with isolated PAs. The context of the first PA did not differ between PD and isolated PAs. PD with agoraphobia was specifically associated with greater symptom severity and occurrence of first attacks in public. Future research should validate these findings using a longitudinal approach. |
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| Keywords: | Panic attack Panic disorder Agoraphobia Context Symptoms Coping First panic attack |
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