新疆和田部分农村地区学生屈光状态与眼部生物学参数相关流行病学研究

目的 调查了解目前新疆和田农村地区维吾尔族学生的屈光状态与眼部生物学参数及其之间的相关关系现况，分析少数民族学生屈光状态的流行病学特点。方法 横断面调查。于2019年1—9月采取方便抽样的方法，最终选取新疆维吾尔族自治区和田农村地区15所学校的2 217名3～14岁的学生进行相关眼部检查，运用t检验、方差分析或χ2检验进行组间数据分析，比较不同年龄段及性别的眼部生物学参数、屈光状态和散光患病率，并采用Pearson相关分析和田农村地区维吾尔族学生等效球镜度（SE）与其他眼部生物学参数的相关性。结果 研究结果显示新疆和田农村地区维吾尔族3～14岁学生的近视患病率为14.3%(316/2 217)，其中低度近视患病率为12.9%(286/2 217)、中度近视患病率为1.0%(22/2 217)、高度近视患病率为0.4%(8/2 217)；散光患病率为35.7%(791/2 217)。2 217名学生平均等效球镜度、柱镜度、眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度及玻璃体长度分别为(-0.03±0.93) D、(-0.32±0.46) D、(22.73±0.76)mm、(3.40±0.33) mm、...

Epidemiological study on refractive status and ocular biological parameters of students in some rural areas of Hotan,Xinjiang

Objective To investigate the refractive status and ocular biological parameters of Uyghur students in Hotan, Xinjiang and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of refractive status of minority students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. From January 2019 to September 2019, 2 217 students aged 3 to 14 from 15 schools in Hotan rural area of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region were selected for eye examination and research analysis. The t test, ANOVA, or Chi-square test was used to test differences for categorical variables. The ocular biological parameters, refractive status, and prevalence of astigmatism in different age groups and genders were compared, and the correlation between spherical equivalent (SE) and other ocular biological parameters was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The prevalence of myopia in Uyghur students aged 3 to 14 in Hotan was 14.3% (316/2 217), among which the prevalence of low myopia was 12.9% (286/2 217), moderate myopia was 1.0% (22/2 217), and high myopia was 0.4% (8/2 217). The prevalence of astigmatism was 35.7% (791/2 217). The mean spherical equivalent, cylinder power, axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous length of 2 217 students respectively were (-0.03±0.93) D, (-0.32±0.46) D, (22.73±0.76) mm, (3.40±0.33) mm, (3.89±0.38) mm, and (15.44±0.77) mm. There were statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent, cylinder power, axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous length among different age groups (F=99.755, 30.217, 22.376, 7.558, 6.545, and 16.432; P<0.001). The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and vitreous length of 13 to 14 years old were higher than those of other age groups, while the lens thickness was lower than that of other age groups. The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and vitreous length were negatively correlated with the spherical equivalent (r=-0.247, -0.137, and -0.221; P<0.05), while the lens thickness was positively correlated with the spherical equivalent (r=0.114; P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of myopia in Uyghur students aged 3 to 14 and adolescents in Hotan rural area of Xinjiang is relatively low (14.3%). The spherical equivalent is negatively correlated with axial length, anterior chamber depth, and vitreous length, but positively correlated with lens thickness.