西南地区铁路职业人群高尿酸血症患病现状及影响因素的性别差异

目的 探讨西南地区不同性别铁路职业人群高尿酸血症（HUA）患病情况及影响因素。方法 以2020年在中国铁路成都局集团公司联合成都大学附属医院开展的健康列车上体检的23 265名在职职工为研究对象，收集人口学特征和体检指标，采用单因素分析和logistic回归分析，不同性别分层分析。结果 HUA检出率为37.4%，其中男性（39.3%）明显高于女性（13.4%）(P<0.001)。在男性中饮酒、当前吸烟、体质指数（BMI）超标、高甘油三酯（TG）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、慢性肾病（CKD）的检出率分别为71.8%、61.6%、55.6%、46.1%、38.5%、18.5%、2.3%，均高于女性（22.0%、7.3%、29.4%、18.3%、18.6%、5.4%、0.6%,P<0.001）。性别分层logistic回归分析显示：超重/肥胖、高TG、CKD是男性和女性HUA共同的危险因素（OR>1,P<0.05），已婚是共同的保护因素（OR<1,P<0.05）。另外，在男性，行车关键岗位（OR=1.07,95...

Sex-specific differences in the prevalence and influence factors of hyperuricemia among railway occupational workers in southwest China

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) in railway occupational population of different genders in southwest China. Methods A total of 23 265 employees who underwent physical examination in the “Health Train” carried out by China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co. Ltd. and the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University in 2020 were selected for analysis. The demographic characteristics and physical indicators were collected. Univariate analysis and binomial Logistic regression analysis were performed and stratified by gender. Results The prevalence of HUA was 37.4% among railway workers in southwest China. Compared with women, the prevalence of HUA in men was higher (39.3% versus 13.4%, P<0.001). The detection rates of alcohol consumption, current smoking, excess body mass index (BMI), high triglycerides (TG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in males were as follows: 71.8%, 61.6%, 55.6%, 46.1%, 38.5%, 18.5%, and 2.3%, which were higher than those in women (22.0%, 7.3%, 29.4%, 18.3%, 18.6%, 5.4%, and 0.6%), respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Gender-stratified multivariate logistic regression showed that overweight, obesity, high TG, and CKD were shared risk factors for HUA in women and men (OR>1, P<0.05), whereas married status was the shared protective factor (OR<1, P<0.05). In addition, critical position of driving (OR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.01-1.14), limited alcohol consumption (OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.11-1.27), excess alcohol consumption (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.45-1.80), smoking cessation (OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.08-1.42), high LDL-C (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.11-1.26), and low HDL-C (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.09-1.28) were associated with a higher risk of HUA in males. Conclusion The male railway occupational workers are the key population of HUA prevention and treatment. In addition, differentiated management of HUA should be carried out for different genders.