成都市农村空巢老人述情障碍的影响因素分析

目的 探讨成都市农村空巢老人述情障碍现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，应用一般资料调查表、述情障碍量表、日常生活活动能力量表、中文版人际关系反应量表对成都市周边8个乡镇的318名空巢老人进行问卷调查，对数据进行单因素和逐步多元线性回归分析。结果 35.8%的农村空巢老人患有述情障碍，其总分为(55.20±7.56)分，主要表现为外向性思维、情感表达障碍。述情障碍与低水平的日常生活活动能力呈正相关(r=0.436,P<0.01),与共情能力呈负相关(r=-0.525,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示，影响农村空巢老人述情障碍的主要因素有无配偶(β=0.122, 95%CI:0.044～0.201)、与子女联系频率越低(β=0.104, 95%CI:0.027～0.181)、开展爱好频次越低(β=0.106, 95%CI:0.022～0.190)、睡眠状况越差(β=0.140, 95%CI:0.056～0.224)、工具性日常活动能力低下(β=0.216, 95%CI:0.129～0.302)、同情关怀(β=-0.113, 95%CI:-0.196～-0.029)...

The alexithymia status of rural empty-nesters and its influencing factors in Chengdu

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of alexithymia of rural empty-nesters in Chengdu. Methods Using the method of convenient sampling, a total of 318 rural empty-nesters from 8 villages around Chengdu were enrolled and investigated by the demographic questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS-20), Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADLs)and Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI-C). One-way analysis of variance and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the data. Results The prevalence of alexithymia in rural empty-nesters was 35.8% and the overall score of alexithymia was 55.20±7.56, which mainly performed as externally oriented thinking(EOT)and difficulty describing feelings(DDF). Pearson correlation analysis showed that alexithymia was positively correlated with lower levels of ADL(r=0.436, P<0.01)and negatively associated with empathy(r=-0.525, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that the main factors influencing alexithymia in rural empty-nesters were non-spouses(β=0.122, 95%CI: 0.044-0.201), lower frequency of contact with children(β=0.104, 95%CI: 0.027-0.181), fewer hobbies(β=0.106, 95%CI: 0.022-0.190), poorer sleep(β=0.140, 95%CI: 0.056-0.224), poorer instrumental activity of daily living(β=0.216, 95%CI: 0.129-0.302), less empathic concern(β=-0.113, 95%CI: -0.196--0.029), higher personal distress(β=0.132, 95%CI: 0.049-0.214 ), less perspective taking(β=-0.175, 95%CI: -0.268--0.081), and fewer fantasy(β=-0.316, 95%CI: -0.403--0.229). Factors affecting difficulty identifying feelings were non-spouses(β =0.112, 95%CI: 0.019-0.205), fewer hobbies(β=0.124, 95%CI: 0.023-0.224), poorer sleep(β=0.159, 95%CI: 0.054-0.263), poorer self-rated health(β=0.120, 95%CI: 0.017-0.223), poorer instrumental daily activity of daily living(β=0.234, 95%CI: 0.128-0.339), less empathic concern(β=-0.145, 95%CI: -0.243--0.048), and less perspective taking(β=-0.134, 95%CI: -0.232--0.035). Factors affecting difficulty describing feelings were lower education(β=-0.207, 95%CI:-0.314--0.100), poorer sleep(β=0.127, 95%CI: 0.022-0.233), poorer instrumental activity of daily living(β=0.114, 95%CI: 0.009-0.220), less empathic concern(β=-0.173, 95%CI: -0.275--0.072), and fewer fantasy(β=-0.199, 95%CI: -0.308--0.089). Factors affecting externally oriented thinking were non-spouses(β=0.134, 95%CI:0.053-0.215), lower frequency of contact with children(β=0.132, 95%CI: 0.052-0.213), poorer physical self-maintenance(β=0.153, 95%CI: 0.072-0.235), higher personal distress(β=0.121, 95%CI: 0.034-0.208), less perspective taking(β=-0.197, 95%CI: -0.293--0.102), and fewer fantasy(β=-0.470, 95%CI: -0.560--0.381). Conclusion The incidence of alexithymia in rural empty-nesters is high, and their own psychosomatic functions are of crucial importance to the occurrence of alexithymia. Positive cognitive style, physical exercise training, and social support should be strengthened to meet the emotional attachments of rural empty-nesters to alleviate alexithymia.