代际支持、社会网络对老年人抑郁的影响及老化态度的中介作用

目的 探究代际支持、社会网络、老化态度对老年人抑郁的影响机制。方法 采用分层整群抽样，使用代际支持量表、Lubben社会网络量表、老年抑郁量表以及老化态度问卷对合肥市8个社区的1 133名老年人进行调查。结果 不同代际支持和社会网络类型均与老化态度有正向关联（r=0.112~0.179，P<0.01），向上代际支持与抑郁呈正相关（r=0.233，P<0.01），向下代际支持、双向情感支持、家庭网络和朋友网络与抑郁呈负相关（r=-0.340~-0.194，P<0.01）。老化态度在双向情感支持和家庭网络与抑郁之间起部分中介作用，中介效应值分别为0.018（95%CI:0.004~0.037）、-0.032（95%CI:-0.068~-0.010）。结论 双向情感支持和家庭网络不仅能直接改善老年人抑郁，还可通过老化态度改善其老年人抑郁。

Effect of intergenerational support,social networks on depressionin older adults: the mediating role of aging attitude

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of intergenerational support, social networks, and aging attitudes on depression in older adults. Methods The Intergenerational Support Scale, the Lubben Social Network Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Attitudes toward Aging Questionnaire were used to survey 1 133 older adults in 8 communities in Hefei using stratified whole-group sampling. Results Different generational support and social network types were positively associated with aging attitudes (r=0.112-0.179, P<0.01), upward generational support was positively associated with depression (r=0.233, P<0.01), and downward generational support, two-way emotional support, family networks, and friend networks were negatively associated with depression(r=-0.340--0.194, P<0.01). The results showed that aging attitude played a partial mediating role between inter-two-way emotional support, family networks and depression, with a mediation effect value of 0.018 (95%CI: 0.004-0.037) and -0.032 (95%CI: -0.068--0.010). Conclusion Two-way emotional support and family networks can improve depression in older adults not only directly, but also through aging attitudes.