耐力、力量、速度性项目优秀运动员和无训练青年左心形态功能之对比研究

应用超声心动图方法对耐力、力量、速度三组84名优秀运动员及常人对照组的心脏作了对比研究。结果提示:三类运动员心脏结构功能的特点不同;耐力运动员心脏结构功能变化最为明显。

THE COMPARING RESEARCH OF LEFT CARDIAC STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION WITH TOP-RANKING ENDURANCE, STRENCTH AND SPRINT-TRAINED ATHLETES AND UNTRAINED MEN

In order to study the different characteristics of left ventricular structure and function in differentcategories of athletes, determine the effects of three kinds of exercise on cardiovascular system, threegroups of well-trained athletes (ie, endurance, sprint and strength group) and untrained group werestudied by echocardiographic technic, each group consisted of 28 men aged 18-28. The main resultsare summarized as follows: (1) The index of left ventricular diameter, aortic root dimension, and theindex of left ventricular mass, wall thickness were much greater in the endurance group than in theother three groups (p<0.01), while in the sprint and strength group only the left ventricular mass andwall thickness indexes were slightly higher than in the control group (p<0.05), which closely relatesto the different change of cardiac hemodynamics resulted from the long-term and strenuous trainingby various group of athletes, and meanwhile which reflects the fine adaptation of the change ofheart structure to the special training. (2) Three athlete groups (especialy endurance group) had alower heart rates and a higher stroke volume than untrained men, which means exercise training hadraised the mechanical efficiency of athlete's heart. (3) No significant difference in EF, ?D% andmVcf was not to be the sensitive targets for evaluating athlete's cardiac function.