老年2型糖尿病患者营养不良及腹型肥胖发生率

目的调查老年2型糖尿病患者营养不良（包括营养不足、超重和肥胖）及腹型肥胖发生率。方法随机选取符合纳入标准并获知情同意的老年2型糖尿病患者133例[研究组，平均年龄（66．9±5．4）岁]及老年健康者133名[对照组，平均年龄（66．3±5．8）岁]，采用多频生物电阻抗法测定体重、总体脂肪、腹部脂肪、内脏脂肪、内脏脂肪面积和腰臀围比值（WHR），以体重指数（BMI）判定营养不足、超重和肥胖的发生率，以WHR判定腹型肥胖发生率，并比较两组结果。结果与对照组比较，老年2型糖尿病患者的BMI[（25．7±3．8）％（24．2．4±2．2）kg／m^2，P=0．001]、总体脂肪[（20．1±6．9）／）5．（17．4±5．0）kg，P=0．001]、WHR（0．92±0．10w．0．87±0．06，P=0．001）、腹部脂肪[（10．2±3．4）讹（8．6±2．5）kg，P=0．001]、内脏脂肪[（2．7±0．9）w．（2．3±0．7）kg，P=0．001]和内脏脂肪面积[（89．1±28．8）强（75．74±21．6）cm^2，P=0．001]均显著增高。老年2型糖尿病患者的营养不足（BMI〈18．5）（3．8％w．0，P=0．024）和肥胖（BMI≥28．0）发生率（26．3％％6．0％，P=0．001）均显著高于对照组。老年男性2型糖尿病患者体脂过高（52．1％傩．34．1％，P=0．023）和腹型肥胖的发生率（83．6％％67.1％，P=0．017）均显著高于对照组。结论对老年2型糖尿病患者应强调总体脂肪、腰围、腹部和内脏脂肪的测定与控制。

Incidences of malnutrition and abdominal obesity in elderly type 2 diabetes

Objective To investigate the incidences of malnutrition (including undernutrition, overweight, and obesity) and abdominal obesity in elderly type 2 diabetes. Methods Totally, 133 elderly type 2 diabetes patients [study group, aged (66.9 5±.4) years] and 133 age-matched healthy subjects [control group, aged (66. 3 ±5.8) years] who met entry criteria and obtained informed consent were randomly enrolled into this study. Body weight, total body fat (TBF), abdominal fat, visceral fat, visceral fat area, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured by multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis. The incidences of undernutrition, overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity judged by BMI and WHR respectively were compared between the two groups. Results Com- pared to control group, BMI [(25.7 3.8) vs. (24.2 2.2) kg/m2, P = 0.001 ], TBF [ (20.1±6.9) vs. (17.4 5.0) kg, P = 0.001], WHR (0. 92±0.10 vs. 0.87±0.06, P =0.001), abdominal fat [(10.2 3.4) vs. (8.6 2.5)kg, P= 0.001], visceral fat [(2.7±0.9) w. (2.3 0.7)kg, P =0.001 ], and visceral fat area [ (89.1±28. 8) vs. (75. 7±21. 6) cm2, P =0.001 ] significantly increased in study group. The incidences of undernutrition (BMI<18.5, 3.8% vs. 0, P=0.024) and obesity (BMI^28.0, 26.3% vs. 6.0%, P = 0.001) judged by BMI Chinese standard in study group were significantly higher than those in control group. The incidences of "over-TBF" (52. 1% vs. 34. 1% , P =0.023) and abdominal obesity in males of study group (83.6% vs. 67.1% , P =0. 017) were significantly higher than those in control group. Conclusion Measurement and control of TBF, waist circumference, and abdominal and visceral fats should be emphasized in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.