Impact of Sarcopenia on Outcomes Following Intra-arterial Therapy of Hepatic Malignancies |
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Authors: | Rebecca M. Dodson Amin Firoozmand Omar Hyder Vania Tacher David P. Cosgrove Nikhil Bhagat Joseph M. Herman Christopher L. Wolfgang Jean-Francois H. Geschwind Ihab R. Kamel Timothy M. Pawlik |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Blalock 688 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA 2. Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 3. Department of Medical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract: | Background Assessment of patient performance status is often subjective. Sarcopenia—measurement of muscle wasting—may be a more objective means to assess performance status and therefore mortality risk following intra-arterial therapy (IAT). Methods Total psoas area (TPA) was measured on cross-sectional imaging in 216 patients undergoing IAT of hepatic malignancies between 2002 and 2012. Sarcopenia was defined as TPA in the lowest sex-specific quartile. Impact of sarcopenia was assessed relative to other clinicopathological factors. Results Indications for IAT included hepatocellular carcinoma (51 %), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (13 %), colorectal liver metastasis (7 %), or other metastatic disease (30 %). Median TPA among men (568 mm2/m2) was greater than women (413 mm2/m2). IAT involved conventional chemoembolization (54 %), drug-eluting beads (40 %), or yttrium-90 (6 %). Median tumor size was 5.8 cm; most patients had multiple lesions (74 %). Ninety-day mortality was 9.3 %; 3-year survival was 39 %. Factors associated with risk of death were tumor size (HR?=?1.84) and Child's score (HR?=?2.15) (all P?0.05). On multivariate analysis, sarcopenia remained independently associated with increased risk of death (lowest vs. highest TPA quartile, HR?=?1.84; P?=?0.04). Sarcopenic patients had a 3-year survival of 28 vs. 44 % for non-sarcopenic patients. Conclusions Sarcopenia was an independent predictor of mortality following IAT with sarcopenic patients having a twofold increased risk of death. Sarcopenia is an objective measure of frailty that can help clinical decision-making regarding IAT for hepatic malignancies. |
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