氯解磷定治疗急性敌敌畏中毒的疗效

目的 探讨肟类药物氯解磷定(PAM-C1)治疗急性敌敌畏(DDV)中毒的疗效和作用机制。方法 比较急性DDV灌胃染毒大、小鼠用PAM-Cl治疗与未治疗的中毒表现、存活率及大鼠全血胆碱酯酶(12hE)活力的变化；观察PAM-Cl治疗急性DDV中毒患者的疗效和对其被抑制的全血ChE的重活化作用。结果 (1)急性DDV染毒大、小鼠PAM-Cl治疗组与未治疗组相比，中毒表现减轻、出现时间延迟，存活率明显提高；(2)急性DDV染毒大鼠PAM-Cl治疗组不同时点全血ChE活力普遍高于未治疗组，差异有统计学意义(P＜O．05)；(3)急性DDV中毒患者PAM-CL治疗后肌束震颤明显减轻并消失，受抑制的ChE活力逐渐恢复。结论PAM-CL对急性DDV中毒有治疗作用，该作用是通过ChE重活化效应来实现的。

Therapeutic efficacy of pralidoxime chloride on acute dichlorvos poisoning

Objective To study the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of oxime drug,pralidoxime chloride(PAM-Cl),on acute dichlorvos(DDV) poisoning. Methods The toxic signs and survival rate were recorded and ChE activity in blood was determined in treatment group with PAM-Cl and non-treatment group after DDV was given to rats and mice by gastrogavage;the therapeutic efficacy and reactivation of DDV-inhibited ChE by PAM-Cl were observed on the patients with acute DDV poisoning. Results (1)The alleviated and delayed toxic signs as well as higher survival rate were found in PAM-Cl treatment group compared with non-treatment group.(2)After the rats were exposed to DDV,the ChE activities of whole blood in different time within 24 h were statistically significantly higher in PAM-Cl treatment group than in non-treatment group( P <0.05).(3)After PAM-Cl treatment,muscular fasciculation and other nicotinic signs in poisoned patients were disappeared and the inhibited blood ChE activities were gradually reactivated to normal level. Conclusion PAM-Cl has therapeutic efficacy against acute toxicity of DDV through its reactivation of inhibited ChE.