ICP-MS测定美洲大蠊中5种重金属及有害元素

目的 建立美洲大蠊重金属及有害元素含量的检测方法,并依据国际国内标准进行限量分析。方法 采用ICP-MS技术检测美洲大蠊中Cd、As、Pb、Hg和Cu 5种元素的含量。结果 5种元素在测定范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999 2),加样回收率在88.5％~117.0％,RSD为0.45％~3.96％。综合国际国内各标准,13批样品不合格率差异较大,在7.69％~100％之间。结论 本实验所述方法可准确测定美洲大蠊中重金属及有害元素含量;其中Cu因限量设定值差异较大超标较为普遍,且多数标准未做要求;Pb限量皆有规定但设定值较宽,可适当调低限度;国际标准中Cd、As和Hg限量与国内标准差别不大,不合格率相近,认为3种元素的限量是可行的。有必要制订美洲大蠊重金属及有害元素限量针对性标准。

Determination of Heavy Metals and Harmful Elements in Periplaneta americana by ICP-MS

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for determination of heavy metals and harmful elements in Periplaneta americana, and conduct analysis according to international and domestic heavy metal limit standards. METHODS The contents of five heavy metal elements including Cd, As, Pb, Hg and Cu in 13 batches of samples were determined by ICP-MS. RESULTS Five elements showed good linearity within the test ranges (r≥0.999 2), with recovery rate ranging from 88.5％ to 117.0％ (RSD was 0.45％-3.96％). According to international and domestic standards, the unqualified rates of 13 batches of samples were between 7.69% and 100%, and the unqualified rate varied greatly. CONCLUSION The method established in this study can accurately determine the contents of heavy metals and harmful elements in Periplaneta americana. Among them, it is common for Cu to exceed the standard due to large difference in the set limits, and most standards do not require it. There are regulations on the limit of Pb, but the set value is relatively wide, and the limit can be appropriately lowered. The limits of Cd, As and Hg in the international standards have little difference compared with the domestic standards, and the unqualified rates are similar. It is considered that the limits of the three elements are feasible. It is necessary to establish a targeted standard for the limit of heavy metals and harmful elements in Periplaneta americana.