郑州市小学生行为问题调查及家庭相关影响因素分析

目的 分析郑州市小学生行为问题状况及其家庭相关影响因素,为有针对性的开展小学生行为问题的干预提供借鉴和依据。方法 于2019年6月在郑州市5个行政辖区12所小学整群随机抽取3 180名小学生,使用Conners 父母症状问卷(PSQ)和自行设计的儿童一般情况问卷进行评定,并进行统计学分析。结果 发放问卷3 180份,合格资料3 063份,有效率为96.3%,行为问题检出者588人(19.2%);其中男生1 669人,检出行为问题者349人(20.9%),女生1 394人,检出行为问题者248人(17.8%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.646,P=0.031)。与六年级儿童相比,五、四、二、一年级儿童发生行为问题的危险性增高OR值(95% CI)分别为0.617(0.449~0.846)、0.633(0.474~0.845)、0.377(0.263~0.540)、0.281(0.204~0.388,P<0.01)]。与父亲沉溺网络相比,父亲不沉溺网络的儿童发生行为问题危险性降低(OR=0.647,95%CI=0.498~0.840,P＝0.001);与母亲职业是干部的儿童相比,母亲职业是教师、农民的儿童发生行为问题的危险性降低OR值(95% CI)分别为0.578(0.342~0.977)、0.349(0.219~0.555),P<0.05 or <0.01)]。结论 郑州市小学生行为问题检出率较高,需要进一步关注;性别、年级、父亲是否沉溺网络和母亲职业均是郑州市小学生行为问题发生的影响因素。

Survey on behavior problems of pupils and family related factors in Zhengzhou

Objective To explore behavior problems of pupils in Zhengzhou and analysis of its family related influencing factors,and to provide reference and basis for targeted intervention of behavioral problems of primary school students.Methods A total of 3 180 pupils were randomly sampled from 5 districts in Zhengzhou in June of 2019.Using the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaires (PSQ) and self-designed children common condition Scale to evaluate behavior problems and make statistical analysis.Results A total of 3 180 questionnaires were issued,and 3 063 valid questionnaires,with an effective rate of 96.3%.588 pupils' behavior problems were positive (19.2%).Among them,1 669 were male,349 (20.9%) were found to have behavioral problems,and 1394 were female,and 248 (17.8%) were found to have behavioral problems,the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.646,P=0.031).Compared with the sixth grade children,there was no significant difference in the detection rate of behavioral problems in the third grade Odds Ratio (OR)=0.910,95% CI:0.648-1.210],but there was significant difference in the detection rate of behavioral problems in fifth grade,fourth grade,second grade,first grade OR (95% CI) were 0.617(0.449-0.846),0.633(0.474-0.845),0.377(0.263-0.540),0.281(0.204-0.388) respectively,P<0.01].Compared with the father addicted to the Internet,the detection rate of behavioral problems in the children whose father did not indulge in the Internet was lower,and the difference was statistically significant(OR=0.647,95% CI:0.498-0.840,P=0.001).Compared with the children whose mother's occupation was a cadre,there was a statistically significant difference between the mother's occupation was teacher and farmerOR (95% CI) were 0.578(0.342-0.977),0.349(0.219-0.555) respectively,P<0.05 or <0.01].Conclusions The detection rate of behavior problem of pupils in zhengzhou is high and it need further attention.Gender,grades,whether the father was is indulged in the internet and mother's occupation are the influencing factors of behavior problems of pupils in Zhengzhou.