维持性血液透析患者感染的临床特点及相关因素分析

目的分析维持性血液透析（MHD）住院患者感染的发生情况及相关因素。方法对大兴区人民医院2011-01-2013-06收治的97例次维持性血液透析患者住院病例进行回顾性分析，根据是否发生感染分为感染组和非感染组，比较两组患者的年龄、透析龄、血红蛋白、C反应蛋白（CRP）、透析前尿素氮、血肌酐、血浆白蛋白、尿素清除指数（KT／V）等临床指标，分析维持性血液透析患者感染发生情况及临床特点。结果97例次MHD住院中因感染性疾病住院38例，感染率为39．2％，其中最常见感染为肺部感染23例，占因感染住院的60．5％，其次为深静脉导管感染6例，占15．8％。感染组年龄、CRP高于非感染组[（65．16±7．68）岁郴（58．95±9．00）岁，（44．05±14．11）哪（10．12±4．34）g／L，P〈0．01]，血红蛋白和血浆白蛋白水平低于非感染组[（91．86±10．92）g/Lvs（102．14±4．96）g/L；（27．97±2．48）g／Lvs（34．58±1．87）g／L，P〈0．01]。结论维持性血液透析患者感染以肺部感染多见，感染者多存在年龄大、CRP高、贫血、低蛋白血症等临床特点。

Analysis of clinical characteristics and related risk factors of maintenance hemodialysis in patients with infection

Objective To analyze the incidence of infection and its clinical characteristics in the maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients. Methods A total of 97 hospitalized MHD cases were enrolled in this study. Age, dialysis duration,hemoglobin, serum creat- inine,plasma albumin,CRP and KT/V were compared between infection group and non-infection group. Results Of 97 cases,38 ca- ses（39.2% ） were hospitalized because of infection, including the pulmonary infection（ 60.5%, 23/38 ）, followed by central venous catheter infection 15.8% （6/38）. Patients were older in infection group than in non-infection group[ （65.16 ±7.68） vs （58.95±9.00） years, P 〈 0.01 ]. The levels of CRP were higher in infection group than in non-infection group [ （44.05 ±14.11 ） vs （10.12±4. 34）g/L,P 〈0. 01 ]. The levels of hemoglobin and serum albumin were lower in infection group than in non-infection group [ （91.86 ± 10.92） vs （102.14±4.96）g/L,（27.97±2.48） vs （34.58±1.87）g/L,P〈0.01]. Conclusion The most common infection is the pulmonary infection in MHD patients. Infection cases are older and have higher CRP and lower hemoglobin and plasma albumin.