老年HIV/AIDS患者的流行病学及临床特征分析

目的探讨分析老年HIV感染者和AIDS患者的流行病学、临床特点.方法回顾性分析昆明医科大学第一附属医院2009年1月至2011年12月在住院患者中新发现的、年龄超过50岁的HIV/AIDS患者的临床资料,包括人口学资料、免疫学指标、机会性感染及HIV/AIDS诊断情况.结果新发现的52例老年HIV/AIDS患者中,男性41例(78.85%),女性11例(21.15%);平均年龄(61.23±6.98)岁(50～77岁);45例通过性传播途径感染,1例经过吸毒传播,6例不详.机会性感染中以真菌感染(39.13%)最多见,其次为细菌性肺炎(26.09%)、肺孢子菌肺炎(17.39%)、弓形虫脑炎(8.70%)、带状疱疹(8.70%)、结核(4.35%)等;18例患者CD4+T淋巴细胞小于200/μL,其中14例患者CD4+T淋巴细胞小于50/μL.结论应加强对老年人艾滋病知识的宣传与教育,加大老年人HIV抗体的筛查力度,尽早发现HIV/AIDS病人,以免漏诊或误诊.

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Elderly Patients with HIV/AIDS

Objective To explore and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of elderly patients with HIV infection/AIDS.Methods A retrospective study on the clinical data of 52 newfound elderly patients with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)hospitalized from 2009 to 2011 was conducted.The data included the demographic datum,immunological datum,diagnosis of opportunistic infection and HIV/AIDS.Results In the 52 newfound elderly patients with HIV/AIDS,there were 41 male patients and 11 female patients,aged 50～77 years with an average age of 61.92±9.16.Forty-five of them were infected by sexual contacts and 1 cases infected by taking drugs.Fungal infection(39.13%)was the overriding opportunistic infection,followed by the bacterial pneumonia(21.74%%),pneumocystis pneumonia(17.39%),toxoplasmosis(8.70%),herpes zoster(8.70%),tuberculosis(4.35%)etc.The counts of CD4+ T-lymphocyte of 18 patients were less than 200/?l,and those of 14 patients were less than 50/μL.Conclusion Propaganda and educations about AIDS should be enhanced.Primary screening of HIV should be emphasized in older people thus to be early diagnosed and treated.