慢性砷中毒患者皮肤及神经损伤发展情况的调查

目的研究慢性砷中毒患者的病情发展情况.方法对312例轻度慢性砷中毒患者在8年后进行随访调查,将所得数据输入计算机,用SPSS 10.0软件进行统计处理.结果 8年后312例患者:①有300例(96.15%)中毒级别无变化,11例(3.52%)转为观察对象,1例(0.32%)转为重度中毒.②有135例皮肤损伤加重,占43.27%,其中1例发展为皮肤癌;有50例好转,占16.03%,以砷轻度污染水平的好转率高(40.00%),但各项皮肤损伤的阳性率均呈增高趋势(P＜0.05).③神经系统症状方面,除男性头晕、头痛、睡眠障碍外,各症状阳性率均显著增高(P＜0.05).结论轻度慢性砷中毒患者的病情随着时间的推移有加重的趋势,慢性砷中毒除以皮肤损伤为主外,还必须考虑神经损伤.

Investigation on the development of skin lesions and nerve damage in the chronic arsenic poisoning patients

Objective To study the development of clinical conditions in chronic arsenic poisoning patients. Methods A 8-year following-up survey was carried out after the patients were diagnosed as mild arsenic poisoning patients, and the data investigated were input into computer and analyzed with SPSS 10.0 software.Results Of 312 mild cases, 300 (96.15% ) had no changes in their poisoning grades, 11 (3.52% ) turned into pre-clinical grade and 1 (0.32% ) into serious poisoning grade 8 years later. Skin lesions in 135 patients (43.27%) were aggravated and one old woman was clinically diagnosed skin cancer by reexamination. Skin lesions improved in 50 patients (16.03%) , most of whom were living in low arsenic pollution areas, but the positive rates of all skin lesions tended to be elevated. Positive rates, except dizziness, headache and somnipathy for male in the neurasthenic symptom, in the reexamination were higher than those in the initial examination. Conclusion There was a tendency that the conditions of the chronic arsenic poisoning patients aggravated as time pass by. Besides skin lesions, it is necessary to consider neurological damages.