胰岛β细胞功能调控与胰岛新生治疗

胰岛β细胞功能调控作为近年来糖尿病领域研究的热点之一,受到越来越多的关注.β细胞功能调控首先是对β细胞数量的调节,包括新生、自我复制、凋亡及β细胞体积改变;其次,正常状态下β细胞功能的调控因素包括营养物质、内分泌激素、神经递质以及胰岛局部微循环等,而一些病理生理状态,诸如妊娠、胎儿宫内发育迟缓、肥胖、糖尿病以及外科损伤等,也可使β细胞发生适应性改变.了解胰岛细胞功能调控特征,对实施胰岛新生治疗具有十分重要的意义.

Pancreatic β cell modulation and islet neogenesis therapy

As a hot topic in diabetes,islet β cell regulation has drawn much attention in recent years.Pancreatic β cell modulation is related to the regulation of β cell number by four pathways--regeneration,proliferation,apoptosis and regulation of β cell volume.In normal islet,β cell function is regulated not only by nutrients,hormones,neurotransmitters,but also by islet microcirculation.Moreover,in some pathophysiological conditions such as pregnancy,intrauterine growth retardation,obesity,diabetes and surgical damage,islet β cell mass can accommodate accordingly.It is important to understand the process of β cell modulation in order to study and utilize islet neogenesis therapy.