浙江舟山群岛居民高尿酸血症人群分布及发病率分析

目的 探讨浙江舟山群岛居民发生高尿酸血症的人群分布以及发病率,为海岛居民健康管理提供科学依据。方法 回顾性统计分析2013年10月～2015年10月间,7 310例海岛居民于解放军413医院健康体检中心体检的血尿酸结果,其中剔除患有其他代谢性疾病,如糖尿病、慢性肾衰竭等的人群; 按照不同性别、不同年龄分组,分别统计平均血尿酸水平、高尿酸血症的发生率以及各组间的差别。采用Microsoft 2003 Excel软件对数据进行统计分析,组间比较采用单因素方差分析。结果 7 310例海岛居民的平均血尿酸水平为283±82 μmol/L,高尿酸血症发生率为21.2%; 31～40岁组高尿酸血症发生率为33.6%,平均血尿酸水平为343±86 μmol/L,与≤30岁年龄组相比明显增高,差异有统计学显著性意义。41岁以上年龄组高尿酸血症发生率均超过15%,明显高于≤30岁年龄组。体检人数多集中于31～40岁年龄组。男性海岛居民5 214人,高尿酸血症发生率为27.9%,平均血尿酸水平为368±74 μmol/L,高于女性组及所有人群的平均水平(P<0.001)。31～40岁年龄组高尿酸血症发生率43.1%,平均血尿酸水平与≤30岁年龄组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。≥61岁年龄组和41～50岁年龄组平均血尿酸水平低于≤30岁年龄组(P<0.05),但高尿酸血症发生率均高于30岁以下年龄组。体检人数也多集中于31～40岁年龄组。女性居民2 096人,高尿酸血症发生率为4.6%,平均血尿酸水平为257±57 μmol/L,各个年龄组的平均血尿酸水平低于男性组(P<0.001)。除60岁以上年龄组高尿酸血症发生率为18.6%外,其余各组均低于10%,随着年龄的增长高尿酸血症发生率逐渐增加。结论 舟山群岛居民高尿酸血症发生率较高,男性高于女性; 高尿酸血症的发生明显年轻化; 健康教育,合理膳食调整,改善生活方式和饮食习惯等措施应该长期进行,以预防高尿酸血症及其相关疾病的发生。

Population Distribution and Incidence Analyses of Hyperuricemia in Zhoushan Island

Objective To investigate the distribution and incidence of hyperuricemia for the Zhoushan island residents in Zhejiang provinceand provide scientific advice for health management.Methods The uric acid reports of island residents were analyzed by a retrospectivestatistical analysis in the Physical Examination Center of the 413 Hospital from October 2013 to October 2015.The patients with metabolic diseases(such as diabetes,chronic renal failure and other people,etc.)were excluded.Accordingto the different gender and different age groups,the average level of uric acid,hyperuricemia occurrence rate and the difference among the groups were performed statistical analyses.The single factor analysis of variance was used by Microsoft 2003 Excel software.Results The average serum uricacid level of 7 310 island residents was 283±82 μmol/L and the incidence of hyperuricemia was 21.2%.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 33.6% in 31～40 years group,and the average level of uric acid was 343±86 μmol/L and significantly higher than ≤30 years group,significant statistic difference were observed.The incidence of hyperuricemia was more than 15% in ≥41 years group,significantly higher than ≤30 years group.The population of physical examination was concentrated in the 31～40 years group.The hyperuricemia incidence was 27.9% in5 214 male residents,and the average serum uric acid level was 368±74 μmol/L and higher than the female group(P<0.001).The hyperuricemia incidence was as high as 43.1% in 31～40 years group.But the level of average serum uricacid showed no significant difference with ≤30 years group(P>0.05).The level of average serum uric acid level was less in ≥61 and 41～50 years group than in ≤30 years group(P<0.05),but the hyperuricemia incidence were higher than ≤30 years group.The incidence of hyperuricemia was 4.6% in 2 096 female residents.The level of average serum uric acid was 257±57 μmol/L and lowerthan the male group in all age groups(P<0.001).The incidence of hyperuricemia was 18.6% in ≥60 years old and lower than 10% in the other groups.The incidence of hyperuricemia increased gradually with age.Conclusion The hyperuricemia incidence in island residents was higher,and higherin male than in female.The occurrence of hyperuricemia was significantly younger.Therefore,health education,reasonable diet adjustment,improvement of lifestyle and eating habits etc.Should be conducted for a long time to prevent the occurrence of hyperuricemia and related diseases.