宁夏地区沙眼患病率流行病学调查

目的:了解目前宁夏地区常住居民沙眼患病情况,为沙眼的预防和治疗提供依据。方法:利用分层、多级随机抽样的方法,抽取宁夏银川市金凤区和红寺堡两地区3000例受检对象进行眼部检查,填写沙眼患病率调查表。分析宁夏地区沙眼患病率,不同组间沙眼患病率的比较采用χ2检验。结果:被调查的3000例居民中,临床诊断为沙眼的有165例,患病率为5.50%,城市和农村的沙眼患病率分别为2.79%和7.54%,农村患病率高于城市患病率,两组之间比较差异有显著性(χ2=31.96,P<0.05)。男性和女性患病率为5.58%和5.43%,其中城市居民男性和女性的患病率分别为2.6%和2.9%,农村居民男性和女性的患病率分别为7.6%和7.5%,男女之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:宁夏地区农村沙眼患病率高于城市沙眼患病率,应采取改善个人卫生和居住环境,建立和完善初级眼保健系统等干预措施。

Epidemiological survey on trachoma prevalence in Ningxia region of China

AIM:To determine the prevalence of trachoma in Ningxia and assess associated risk factors to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of trachoma·METHODS:Study setting was Jinfeng district(city) and Hongsipu town(rural area)in Ningxia.Three thousand residents were selected by cluster randomized sampling.Ocular examination and questionnaire survey were conducted.The diagnosis was performed according to the World Health Organization(WHO) protocol.The prevalence of trachoma was determined and the related the risk factor was analyzed·RESULTS:Prevalence of trachoma was 5.50%(165/3000),2.79%(36/1290) in City and 7.54%(129/1710) in rural area.The difference of the prevalence between city and rural area was significant(χ2=31.96,P<0.05).Trachoma was diagnosed in 5.58%(36/1417) of male cases and 5.43%(86/1583) of female cases.No significant difference was found between male and female(χ2=0.03,P=0.86)·CONCLUSION: The prevalence of rural area is higher than that in urban residents in Ningxia and it may be related to environmental factors,health care and economic condition.It is important to take some interventions to reduce the trachoma prevalence.