双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌防治小儿抗生素相关性腹泻的临床观察

目的 探讨双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌防治小儿抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）的临床疗效.方法 选取300例呼吸道感染患儿,首先按照年龄大小分为A组（1个月至1岁）140例,B组（＞1～3岁）160例,A、B两组内再分成观察组150例（A组：70例,B组：80例）与对照组150例（A组：70例,B组：80例）.对照组应用抗生素治疗呼吸道感染,出现腹泻后给予常规治疗;观察组在应用抗生素治疗的同时给予双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片,出现腹泻后在常规治疗的基础上继续服用该药物.观察指标包括腹泻发生率、治疗总体有效率、腹泻持续时间三项.结果 A、B组中观察组与对照组腹泻发生率分别为10.0％、38.7％,观察组腹泻发生率明显低于两对照组（x2 =4.883,P＜0.05）;A组中的观察组和对照组腹泻发生率分别为17.1％与40.0％,B组中分别为3.75％与37.5％,两个不同年龄组内观察组腹泻发生率明显的低于对照组（x2=4.924、5.736,均P ＜0.05）;A、B两组中对照组腹泻发病率差异均统计学意义（P＞0.05）;A、B两组中观察组腹泻发病率差异有统计学意义（x2=4.427,P＜0.05）.观察组与对照组腹泻腹泻持续时间分别为（2.09 ±0.47）d、（5.27±1.78）d,两组差异有统计学意义（t=2.907,P＜0.05）;A组中的观察组和对照组治疗腹泻持续时间分别为（2.13±0.54）d、（5.36±1.72）d,B组分别为（2.07 ±0.48）d、（5.22±1.77）d,差异有统计学意义（t=2.984、3.002,均P＜0.05）.结论 双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌防治小儿抗生素相关性腹泻临床疗效显著,尤其对于1～3年龄的小儿AAD预防效果更加突出,值得临床推广.

The clinical observation of pediatric antibiotic associated diarrhea prevented and treated by bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet

Objective To explore the clinical effect of bifidobacterium 1actobacillus triple living bacterium tablet in the prevention and treatment of pediatric antibiotic associated diarrhea（AAD）. Methods 300 children with respiratory tract infection were selected, firstly they were divided into group A（ 1 month-lyear old） 140 cases and group B（ 1-3years old） 160 cases according to the age;secondly, they were randomly divided into observation group （group A：70 cases and group B：80 cases） and control group 150 cases（group A：70 cases and group B：80 cases） within the A, B groups. Control group was given antibiotics to treat respiratory tract infection ,and received conventional treatment after diarrhea appeared. Observation group was given bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet combined with antibiotics, continued to receive this drug on the basis of conventional treatment after diarrhea appeared. The incidence rate of diarrhea, total effective rate, duration of diarrhea were observed. Results The inci- dence rate of diarrhea of observation group was obviously lower than the control group, diarrhea treatment overall effec- tive rate obviously higher than control group, the duration of diarrhea significantly shorter than the control group, with significant difference（ P 〈 0.05 ） ;The incidence rate of diarrhea of observation group in group B was obviously lower than the observation group in group A, with significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The clinical effect of bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple living bacterium tablet in the prevention and treatment of pediatric AAD is signifi- cant, especially for 1-3 years old children, it is worth clinical promotion.