儿童慢性咳嗽相关因素分析

目的 分析儿童慢性咳嗽的原发疾病及可能的因素,为诊治开拓临床思维,寻找有序诊断方法.方法 回顾性分析儿童慢性咳嗽患儿123例的临床资料（病史、体格检查、常规X线胸片、PPD试验、支原体抗体、衣原体抗体、呼吸道合胞病毒IgM测定、腺病毒IgM测定、柯萨奇病毒IgM测定,必要时予以肺部CT、副鼻窦CT、胃肠钡餐、支气管扩张剂诊断性治疗及五官科会诊等）,分析引起儿童慢性咳嗽的原发疾病及相关因素.结果 123例儿童慢性咳嗽的原发疾病主要为哮喘相关性咳嗽57例（46.3%）,上气道咳嗽综合征（鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎、副鼻窦炎）41例（33.3%）,慢性咽-扁桃体炎、支气管炎27例（22.0%）；主要病原为支原体-衣原体60例（48.8%）,腺病毒19例（15.4%）,呼吸道合胞病毒12例（9.8%）.结论 儿童慢性咳嗽主要原发疾病为哮喘相关性咳嗽、上气道咳嗽综合征、慢性咽-扁桃体炎、支气管炎,主要病原为支原体-衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒感染,诊断应根据详细、全面病史及体格检查,按照从简易到复杂、由低价到高价、由常规到特殊、由无创到有创的原则进行检查.

Analysis of related factors of chronic cough in children

Objective To analyze primary diseases and risk factors of chronic cough in children,and develop clinical thinking for the doctor,looking for the orderly diagnosis method.Methods The clinical data of 123 children with chronic cough（medical history,physical examination,routine chest X-ray,PPD test,mycoplasma,Chlamydia antibody,antibody of respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus IgM determination of IgM determination,Coxsackie virus IgM determination,when necessary,be lung CT,CT of paranasal sinuses,gastrointestinal barium meal,bronchiectasis agent diagnostic treatment and surgery consultation） were retrospectively analyzed.The cause of chronic cough in children with primary disease and related factors were analyzed.Results 123 cases of chronic cough in children＆#39;s primary diseases were asthma-related cough in 57 cases （46.3 %）,upper airway cough syndrome （rhinitis,allergic rhinitis,sinusitis） in 41 cases （33.3 %）,chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis,bronchitis in 27 cases （22.0%） ; the main etiology for Mycoplasma Chlamydia（48.8%,60 cases adenovirus）,19 cases（15.4%）,12 cases of respiratory syncytial virus （9.8%）.Conclusion The main primary disease cough,asthma associated upper airway cough syndrome,chronic pharyngitis and tonsillitis,bronchitis,chronic cough in children,the main pathogen Chlamydia,Mycoplasma-for adenovirus,respiratory syncytial virus infection,diagnosis should be based on detailed,comprehensive medical history and physical examination,from simple to complex,according to from low to high,from conventional to special,from noninvasive to invasive principles are examined.